Abstract
Abstract ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’, associated with elm yellows, shoot proliferation and dieback of elm ( Ulmus ) species trees was reported in United States of America and in many European countries. Until now its presence in elm trees in Poland has not been detected. In 2017–2018, during visual inspection of elm trees grown in four areas of southern Silesia Province leaf yellowing, shoot proliferation, phloem necrosis and dieback of branches were observed on European field elm trees grown in nature reserve close to the border with the Czech Republic. Phloem tissue from shoots collected from six symptomatic and twenty asymptomatic trees was used for extraction nucleic acids. Nested PCR with primer pairs amplifying 16Sr RNA sequences of phytoplasmas resulted in specific products for samples from six symptomatic trees however the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and phylogenetic analyses of the sequenced products did not allow to clearly classify newly detected isolates within the elm yellows group (16SrV). The isolates found in Poland clustered on the boundary of the 16SrV‐A and 16SrV‐C ribosomal subgroups. Sequence analyses of less conservative genes rpl22 ‐ rps3 and secY confirmed the affiliation of the phytoplasma isolates found in Poland to ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’; however, the significant nucleotide changes in signature sequences for all three genes were shown compared with EY1 T reference strain. Surprisingly, the newly detected isolates shared a common origin and were phylogenetically closer to EY1‐SRB and EY10‐SRB strains from Serbia as well as NK16 strain from Croatia strains than to the EYCZ1 strain from the Czech Republic. This is the first report on detection and molecular characterization of ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ in Poland based on sequence analysis of three genetic locus.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
European field elm trees had yellowing, shoot proliferation, phloem necrosis and branch dieback.
- Taxon
- European field elme0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowing, shoot proliferation, phloem necrosise0
- Setting
- nature reserve close to the border with the Czech Republice0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“leaf yellowing, shoot proliferation, phloem necrosis and dieback of branches were observed on European field elm trees grown in nature reserve close to the border with the Czech Republic.”
Claim · model-written summary
PCR products appeared in samples from six symptomatic elms.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Nested PCR with primer pairs amplifying 16Sr RNA sequences of phytoplasmas resulted in specific products for samples from six symptomatic trees”
t0“elm”
Claim · model-written summary
The Polish isolates clustered between two elm yellows ribosomal subgroups.
- Taxon
- elmt0
- Outcome
- isolatese0
- Qualifier
- boundary of the 16SrV‐A and 16SrV‐C ribosomal subgroupse0
- Setting
- Polande0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The isolates found in Poland clustered on the boundary of the 16SrV‐A and 16SrV‐C ribosomal subgroups.”
t0“elm”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequence analysis confirmed Polish phytoplasma isolates as Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi.
- Taxon
- elmt0
- Interactor
- Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmiCandidatus Phytoplasma ulmie0pathogen
- Gene
- rpl22 ‐ rps3 and secYe0
- Outcome
- affiliation of the phytoplasma isolatese0
- Setting
- Polande0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Sequence analyses of less conservative genes rpl22 ‐ rps3 and secY confirmed the affiliation of the phytoplasma isolates found in Poland to ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’”
t0“elm”
Claim · model-written summary
Polish isolates had significant signature-sequence changes relative to EY1 T.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“significant nucleotide changes in signature sequences for all three genes were shown compared with EY1 T reference strain.”
t0“elm”
Claim · model-written summary
Polish isolates were phylogenetically closer to Serbian and Croatian strains than the Czech strain.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“the newly detected isolates shared a common origin and were phylogenetically closer to EY1‐SRB and EY10‐SRB strains from Serbia as well as NK16 strain from Croatia strains than to the EYCZ1 strain from the Czech Republic.”
t0“elm”