Abstract
Rust fungi are important plant pathogens and have been extensively studied on crops and other host plants worldwide. This study describes the heterecious life cycle of a rust fungus on Digitaria eriantha (finger grass) and the Solanum species S. lichtensteinii (large yellow bitter apple), S. campylacanthum (bitter apple), and S. melongena (eggplant) in South Africa. Following field observations, inoculation studies involving telial isolates collected from Digitaria plants produced spermogonia and aecia on S. lichtensteinii, S. campylacanthum, and S. melongena. Likewise, inoculation of finger grass with aeciospores collected from the aforementioned Solanum species produced uredinia on D. eriantha. Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet varieties Milkstar and Okashana, as well as 17 experimental lines) and S. elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade or bitter apple) were resistant to the rust isolates. Morphological descriptions and molecular phylogenetic data confirmed the identity of the rust on Digitaria as P. digitariae, herein reinstated as a species and closely related to P. penicillariae the pearl millet rust, also reinstated. Puccinia digitariae has a macrocyclic, heterecious life cycle in which teliospores overwinter on dormant D. eriantha plants. Aecia sporulate on species of Solanum during spring and early summer to provide inocula that infect new growth of Digitaria.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Telial isolates from Digitaria produced spermogonia and aecia on Solanum species in inoculation studies.
SolanumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heterecious life cycle of a rust fungus”
e1“the Solanum species S. lichtensteinii (large yellow bitter apple), S. campylacanthum (bitter apple), and S. melongena (eggplant)”
e2“inoculation studies involving telial isolates collected from Digitaria plants produced spermogonia and aecia on S. lichtensteinii, S. campylacanthum, and S. melongena”
Claim · model-written summary
Aeciospores from Solanum species produced uredinia on Digitaria eriantha.
- Taxon
- D. eriantha
Digitaria erianthae3 - Interactor
- rust funguse0pathogen
- Outcome
- urediniae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heterecious life cycle of a rust fungus”
e3“inoculation of finger grass with aeciospores collected from the aforementioned Solanum species produced uredinia on D. eriantha”
Claim · model-written summary
Pennisetum glaucum pearl millet varieties Milkstar and Okashana were resistant to the rust isolates.
- Taxon
- Pennisetum glaucum
Cenchrus americanuse4 - Material
- Milkstar and Okashanae4
- Interactor
- rust isolatese4pathogen
- Outcome
- resistant to the rust isolatese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet varieties Milkstar and Okashana, as well as 17 experimental lines) and S. elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade or bitter apple) were resistant to the rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Solanum elaeagnifolium was resistant to the rust isolates.
- Taxon
- S. elaeagnifolium
%2C_%CE%95%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%2C_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7%2C_05-06-2021.jpg?width=60)
Solanum elaeagnifoliume4 - Interactor
- rust isolatese4pathogen
- Outcome
- resistant to the rust isolatese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_%CE%95%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%2C_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7%2C_05-06-2021.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e4“Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet varieties Milkstar and Okashana, as well as 17 experimental lines) and S. elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade or bitter apple) were resistant to the rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
The rust on Digitaria was confirmed as Puccinia digitariae by morphology and molecular phylogeny.
- Interactor
- P. digitariaePuccinia digitariaee5pathogen
- Outcome
- identity of the rust on Digitariae5
DigitariaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Morphological descriptions and molecular phylogenetic data confirmed the identity of the rust on Digitaria as P. digitariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Puccinia digitariae teliospores overwinter on dormant Digitaria eriantha plants.
- Taxon
- D. erianthaDigitaria erianthae6
- Interactor
- Puccinia digitariaePuccinia digitariaee6pathogen
- Outcome
- teliospores overwintere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Puccinia digitariae has a macrocyclic, heterecious life cycle in which teliospores overwinter on dormant D. eriantha plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Aecia sporulate on Solanum species during spring and early summer.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Aecia sporulate on species of Solanum during spring and early summer to provide inocula that infect new growth of Digitaria”