Abstract
Background: Soybean is the main oilseed crop grown in the world; however, drought stress affects its growth and physiology, reducing its yield. The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological, metabolic, and genetic aspects that determine differential resistance to water deficit in soybean genotypes. Methods: Three soybean genotypes were used in this study, two lineages (L11644 and L13241), and one cultivar (EMBRAPA 48-C48). Plants were grown in pots containing 8 kg of a mixture of soil and sand (2:1) in a greenhouse under sunlight. Soil moisture in the pots was maintained at field capacity until the plants reached the stage of development V4 (third fully expanded leaf). At this time, plants were subjected to three water treatments: Well-Watered (WW) (plants kept under daily irrigation); Water Deficit (WD) (withholding irrigation until plants reached the leaf water potential at predawn of -1.5 ± 0.2 MPa); Rewatered (RW) (plants rehydrated for three days after reached the water deficit). The WW and WD water treatments were evaluated on the eighth day for genotypes L11644 and C48, and on the tenth day for L13241, after interruption of irrigation. For the three genotypes, the treatment RW was evaluated after three days of resumption of irrigation. Physiological, metabolic and gene expression analyses were performed. Results: Water deficit inhibited growth and gas exchange in all genotypes. The accumulation of osmolytes and the concentrations of chlorophylls and abscisic acid (ABA) were higher in L13241 under stress. The metabolic adjustment of lineages in response to WD occurred in order to accumulate amino acids, carbohydrates, and polyamines in leaves. The expression of genes involved in drought resistance responses was more strongly induced in L13241. In general, rehydration provided recovery of plants to similar conditions of control treatment. Although the C48 and L11644 genotypes have shown some tolerance and resilience responses to severe water deficit, greater efficiency was observed in the L13241 genotype through adjustments in morphological, physiological, genetic and metabolic characteristics that are combined in the same plant. This study contributes to the advancement in the knowledge about the resistance to drought in cultivated plants and provides bases for the genetic improvement of the soybean culture.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit inhibited growth and gas exchange in all soybean genotypes.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Water deficite0
- Outcome
- growth and gas exchangee0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit inhibited growth and gas exchange in all genotypes”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
L13241 accumulated more osmolytes under stress.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- L13241e0
- Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of osmolytese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of osmolytes and the concentrations of chlorophylls and abscisic acid (ABA) were higher in L13241 under stress”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
L13241 had higher chlorophyll and abscisic acid concentrations under stress.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- L13241e0
- Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of chlorophylls and abscisic acid (ABA)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of osmolytes and the concentrations of chlorophylls and abscisic acid (ABA) were higher in L13241 under stress”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit caused soybean lineages to accumulate amino acids, carbohydrates, and polyamines in leaves.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- lineagese0
- Treatment
- WDe0
- Outcome
- amino acids, carbohydrates, and polyamines in leavese0
- Direction
- accumulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The metabolic adjustment of lineages in response to WD occurred in order to accumulate amino acids, carbohydrates, and polyamines in leaves”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
L13241 had stronger induction of drought resistance response genes.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- L13241e0
- Outcome
- expression of genes involved in drought resistance responsese0
- Direction
- more strongly inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of genes involved in drought resistance responses was more strongly induced in L13241”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Rehydration generally restored plants to conditions similar to controls.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- rehydratione0
- Outcome
- recovery of plants to similar conditionse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, rehydration provided recovery of plants to similar conditions of control treatment”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
L13241 showed greater efficiency in adjustment to severe water deficit than C48 and L11644.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- L13241e0
- Treatment
- severe water deficite0
- Outcome
- efficiencye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- C48 and L11644 genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the C48 and L11644 genotypes have shown some tolerance and resilience responses to severe water deficit, greater efficiency was observed in the L13241 genotype through adjustments in morphological, physiological, genetic and metabolic characteristics that are combined in the same plant”
t0“soybean”
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