Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili nanosilver (AgNPs) extract against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum) during the summer cultivations of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons, The bioassay revealed that the tested pesticides were in the same order of efficacy at both the LC50 and LC90 levels. The pesticides that were tested could be sorted in the following order: fenpyroximate ˃ bifenazate ˃ emamectin benzoate ˃ buprofezin ˃ sulfur ˃ K. Z oil ˃ chili AgNPs extract. The corresponding LC50 values were 90.02, 112.18, 131.96, 154.60, 220.14, 269.48 and 314.44 ppm, while the LC90 values were 4403.98, 742.45, 756.11, 1293.59, 914.76, 1568.16 and 1500.05ppm, respectively. On the other hand, χ2 values were 2.09, 1.68, 2.65, 2.96, 2.75, 5.20, and 5.24 respectively. The field experiments show that fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively. While the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 83.55, 80.55, 78.62, 77.30, 78.29, 73.20, and 72.37 % in the 2018/2019 season, respectively.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
At LC50 and LC90, efficacy ranked fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, then chili AgNPs extract.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Interactor
- Tetranychus urticae
.jpg?width=60)
Tetranychus urticaee1pest - Outcome
- fenpyroximate ˃ bifenazate ˃ emamectin benzoate ˃ buprofezin ˃ sulfur ˃ K. Z oil ˃ chili AgNPs extracte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate ˃ bifenazate ˃ emamectin benzoate ˃ buprofezin ˃ sulfur ˃ K. Z oil ˃ chili AgNPs extract”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenpyroximate controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 76.91% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- fenpyroximatee0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 76.91e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bifenazate controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 67.00% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- bifenazatee0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 67.00e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Emamectin benzoate controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 71.64% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- emamectin benzoatee0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 71.64e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Buprofezin controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 55.54% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- buprofezine0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 55.54e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 69.40% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- sulfure0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 69.40e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
K. Z oil controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 64.96% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- K. Z oile0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 64.96e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chili AgNPs controlled tomato-associated T. urticae with 72.23% infestation reduction in 2017/2018.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- chili AgNPse0
- Interactor
- T. urticaeTetranychus urticaee0pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 72.23 %e0
- Qualifier
- 2017/2018 seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenpyroximate, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, sulfur, K. Z oil, and chili AgNPs succeeded in controlling T. urticae, where the means of reduction percentages of infestation were 76.91, 67.00, 71.64, 55.54, 69.40, 64.96 and 72.23 % in 2017/2018 season, respectively”
e1“two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) associated with tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum)”
The same questions in other papers
sulfur atom · Tetranychus urticae · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
fenpyroximate · Tetranychus urticae · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.