Abstract
Agronomic biofortification is possible through foliar zinc fertilisation around the earing and early milk stage of wheat. Farmers can be encouraged to apply foliar zinc fertilisation if there is yield enhancement or if it is compatible with other pesticides which are used during these stages to control aphid and stripe rust. To investigate the effectiveness of tank-mix applications of fertiliser and pesticide for enriching grain zinc and controlling the spread of aphid and stripe rust, studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural Univeristy, Ludhiana, India for 4 years (2017–18 to 2020–21). We tested tank-mixing of zinc (0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) + thiamethoxam 25 WG (50 g/ha), zinc + propiconazole (500 mL/ha) and zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole with one foliar application at the milk stage and two foliar applications at the flag leaf and milk stages. We did not find any adverse effect of tank-mix application of zinc sulfate, thiamethoxam and propiconazole on zinc enrichment in grains, nor in aphid and stripe rust control. The grain zinc enhancement was 99.8–114.9, 100.2–112.1 and 98.0–115.5% with application of foliar Zn, foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazole respectively. We also found 5.74% increased grain yield with foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and 7.24% increased grain yield in foliar Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole. Better net returns in combining Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole were also recorded. The results advocate for the tank-mix application of Zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole for pest management and Zn biofortification.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing zinc sulfate and pesticides did not adversely affect wheat grain zinc enrichment.
- Treatment
- tank-mix application of zinc sulfate, thiamethoxam and propiconazolee0
- Outcome
- zinc enrichment in grainse0
- Direction
- did not find any adverse effecte0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“We did not find any adverse effect of tank-mix application of zinc sulfate, thiamethoxam and propiconazole on zinc enrichment in grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing did not adversely affect aphid control.
- Outcome
- aphide0
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“nor in aphid and stripe rust control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixing did not adversely affect stripe rust control.
- Outcome
- stripe rust controle0
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“nor in aphid and stripe rust control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn enhanced grain zinc by 99.8–114.9%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The grain zinc enhancement was 99.8–114.9, 100.2–112.1 and 98.0–115.5% with application of foliar Zn, foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazole respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn plus thiamethoxam enhanced grain zinc by 100.2–112.1%.
- Treatment
- foliar Zn + thiamethoxame0
- Outcome
- grain zinc enhancemente0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 100.2–112.1e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The grain zinc enhancement was 99.8–114.9, 100.2–112.1 and 98.0–115.5% with application of foliar Zn, foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazole respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn plus thiamethoxam and propiconazole enhanced grain zinc by 98.0–115.5%.
- Treatment
- foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazolee0
- Outcome
- grain zinc enhancemente0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 98.0–115.5%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The grain zinc enhancement was 99.8–114.9, 100.2–112.1 and 98.0–115.5% with application of foliar Zn, foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazole respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn plus thiamethoxam increased grain yield 5.74%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“5.74% increased grain yield with foliar Zn + thiamethoxam”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn plus thiamethoxam and propiconazole increased grain yield 7.24%.
- Treatment
- foliar Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazolee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.24%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“7.24% increased grain yield in foliar Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining Zn, thiamethoxam and propiconazole gave better net returns.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Better net returns in combining Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole were also recorded.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend tank mixing zinc and pesticides for pest management and zinc biofortification.
- Outcome
- tank-mix application of Zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole for pest management and Zn biofortificatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The results advocate for the tank-mix application of Zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole for pest management and Zn biofortification.”