Abstract
In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering. Vernalization, which promotes flowering in the late-flowering ecotypes and many late-flowering mutants, decreases the level of FLC transcript and protein in the plant. This vernalization-induced reduction in FLC transcript levels is mitotically stable and occurs in all tissues. FLC activity is restored in each generation, as is the requirement of a low-temperature exposure for the promotion of flowering. The level of FLC determines the extent of the vernalization response in the promotion of flowering, and there is a quantitative relationship between the duration of cold treatment and the extent of down-regulation of FLC activity. We conclude that FLC is the central regulator of the induction of flowering by vernalization. Other vernalization-responsive late-flowering mutants, which are disrupted in genes that encode regulators of FLC , are late-flowering as a consequence of their elevated levels of FLC .
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
FLC represses flowering in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Gene
- FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC )e1
- Outcome
- floweringe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Vernalization lowers FLC transcript and protein levels.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- Vernalizatione1
- Outcome
- FLC transcript and proteine1
- Direction
- decreasese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“Vernalization, which promotes flowering in the late-flowering ecotypes and many late-flowering mutants, decreases the level of FLC transcript and protein in the plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Vernalization-induced FLC transcript reduction is mitotically stable in all tissues.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- FLC transcript levelse1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Qualifier
- mitotically stable and occurs in all tissuese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“This vernalization-induced reduction in FLC transcript levels is mitotically stable and occurs in all tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
FLC activity is restored each generation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- FLC activitye1
- Direction
- restorede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“FLC activity is restored in each generation”
Claim · model-written summary
Each generation again requires low temperature to promote flowering.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- promotion of floweringe1
- Qualifier
- low-temperature exposuree1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“the requirement of a low-temperature exposure for the promotion of flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
FLC level determines the extent of the flowering response to vernalization.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- FLCe1
- Outcome
- extent of the vernalization responsee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“The level of FLC determines the extent of the vernalization response in the promotion of flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold duration relates quantitatively to the extent of FLC down-regulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- duration of cold treatmente1
- Outcome
- down-regulation of FLC activitye1
- Direction
- down-regulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“there is a quantitative relationship between the duration of cold treatment and the extent of down-regulation of FLC activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated FLC levels explain late flowering in other vernalization-responsive mutants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- FLCe1
- Outcome
- late-floweringe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis , the MADS-box protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) is a repressor of flowering.”
e1“Other vernalization-responsive late-flowering mutants, which are disrupted in genes that encode regulators of FLC , are late-flowering as a consequence of their elevated levels of FLC”
The same questions in other papers
cold · phenology · ArabidopsisResults differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.