Abstract
Ultrastructure of epidermal surface of stem internodes of 4 species and 2 interspecific hybrids of subgenus Hippochaete (Milde) Baker (Equisetum L., Equisetaceae) were studied using scanning electron microscopy: Equisetum hyemale L., E. ramosissimum Desf., E. scirpoides Michx., E. variegatum Schleich. ex F. Weber et D. Mohr, E.× moorei Newman, E. × trachyodon (A. Braun) W. D. J. Koch. Epidermal ornamentation of stem internodes in subgenus Hippochaete is fundamentally different from that in subgenus Equisetum. The most visible elements of the surface, specific for the members of subgenus Hippochaete, are the stomatal passages, surrounded by bulky thickenings formed from the fused knobs. Stomatal passages arranged allow the flanks of the furrows may be round, elliptical or almost rectangular; thickenings can be oblong, circular or horseshoe-shaped. The distinctly prominent sculptural elements of the furrow surface are knobs that may be discrete, arranged in chains or fused into irregular bars. The relatively large sculptural elements – tubercles – are situated on the ridges and mostly arranged in two longitudinal rows. The wide ridges have additional fine ribbing. In some species, the hemispherical verrucae cover on the surface of the furrows and ridges. The combination and arrangement of sculptural elements are more or less specific to the species. Features characteristic to the parental species are combined in ornamentation of the epidermal surface of stem internodes of hybrids. The detail descriptions of the sculpture of the epidermal surface of stem internodes are givenfor all studied species and hybrids.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Stem internode epidermal ornamentation in Hippochaete differs fundamentally from that in Equisetum.
Verbatim
e0“Epidermal ornamentation of stem internodes in subgenus Hippochaete is fundamentally different from that in subgenus Equisetum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hippochaete has stomatal passages surrounded by bulky thickenings formed from fused knobs.
Verbatim
e0“specific for the members of subgenus Hippochaete, are the stomatal passages, surrounded by bulky thickenings formed from the fused knobs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal passages vary from round to elliptical or almost rectangular, while thickenings vary from oblong to circular or horseshoe-shaped.
- Outcome
- flanks of the furrows may be round, elliptical or almost rectangular; thickenings can be oblong, circular or horseshoe-shapede0
EquisetumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal passages arranged allow the flanks of the furrows may be round, elliptical or almost rectangular; thickenings can be oblong, circular or horseshoe-shaped.”
t0“Equisetum”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow knobs can be discrete, chained, or fused into irregular bars.
- Outcome
- knobs that may be discrete, arranged in chains or fused into irregular barse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“knobs that may be discrete, arranged in chains or fused into irregular bars.”
t0“Equisetum”
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge tubercles are mostly arranged in two longitudinal rows.
- Outcome
- tubercles – are situated on the ridges and mostly arranged in two longitudinal rowse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tubercles – are situated on the ridges and mostly arranged in two longitudinal rows.”
t0“Equisetum”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide ridges have additional fine ribbing.
- Outcome
- wide ridges have additional fine ribbinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The wide ridges have additional fine ribbing.”
t0“Equisetum”
Claim · model-written summary
Some species have hemispherical verrucae on furrows and ridges.
- Outcome
- hemispherical verrucae cover on the surface of the furrows and ridgese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In some species, the hemispherical verrucae cover on the surface of the furrows and ridges.”
t0“Equisetum”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination and arrangement of sculptural elements are more or less species-specific.
- Outcome
- combination and arrangement of sculptural elements are more or less specific to the speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination and arrangement of sculptural elements are more or less specific to the species.”
t0“Equisetum”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrids combine parental species features in stem internode epidermal ornamentation.
- Outcome
- Features characteristic to the parental species are combined in ornamentation of the epidermal surface of stem internodes of hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Features characteristic to the parental species are combined in ornamentation of the epidermal surface of stem internodes of hybrids.”
t0“Equisetum”