Abstract
Foliar N applications on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have increased grain protein. Foliar N timing evaluations have been minimal. The objectives were (i) determine the optimal timing of foliar N for increased grain protein of hard red winter wheat (HRWW) and spring wheat (HRSW), (ii) evaluate effect of foliar N on grain yield, and (iii) determine relationship of grain protein to foliar N application and grain yield. Foliar N was applied at Feekes stage 10.0 (boot) or 10.8 (postpollination) on two cultivars of HRWW and HRSW each year from 1995 to 2000. The foliar N rate (33.7 kg N ha−1) was applied as 1:1 solution of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) and water. Fertilizer N for a 3360 kg ha−1 grain yield goal was broadcast as UAN after planting. Soil type was Estelline silt loam (fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Hapludoll). Postpollination foliar N gave the highest grain protein during all years. Grain yield was significantly reduced 5% by boot stage foliar N for HRSW. Neither timing application significantly reduced HRWW grain yield. All wheat data were pooled to relate grain yield level and protein response to foliar N. Grain protein and yield from plots without foliar N were inversely related (r2 = 0.57). Postpollination foliar N increased protein 70% of the time when yield goal was exceeded compared with only 23% when it was not. These results show that postpollination foliar N gave higher grain protein and was most effective when planned yield goal was exceeded.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Postpollination foliar nitrogen gave the highest grain protein in all years.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- Postpollination foliar Ne0
- Outcome
- grain proteine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- during all yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Postpollination foliar N gave the highest grain protein during all years.”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Boot stage foliar nitrogen reduced spring wheat grain yield by 5%.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- boot stage foliar Ne0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was significantly reduced 5% by boot stage foliar N for HRSW.”
e1“spring wheat (HRSW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither foliar nitrogen timing significantly reduced winter wheat grain yield.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Neither timing application significantly reduced HRWW grain yield.”
e1“hard red winter wheat (HRWW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated wheat grain protein and yield were inversely related.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- without foliar Ne0
- Outcome
- Grain protein and yielde0
- Direction
- inversely relatede0
- Value
- r2 = 0.57e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain protein and yield from plots without foliar N were inversely related (r2 = 0.57).”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postpollination foliar nitrogen increased protein in 70% of cases when yield goal was exceeded versus 23% otherwise.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Postpollination foliar Ne0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Qualifier
- only 23%e0
- Comparator
- when it was note0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Postpollination foliar N increased protein 70% of the time when yield goal was exceeded compared with only 23% when it was not.”
e1“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
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See all 877 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.