Abstract
Research was conducted at the Nubaria Horticultural Research Station, El-Bohira Governorate in Egypt’s calcareous soil to determine the effect of humic acid amendments and flood irrigation scheduling on the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum). The research was conducted over a four year period beginning in 2005 when the plum fruit trees had developed for 2 years having budded on a Mariana rootstock. Tests were conducted during 2006- 2009 growing seasons. The main and interacting effects of flood irrigation frequency and humic acid amendments were tested using a split-plot design experimental set-up. Kelsey plum was planted at a spacing of 4 x 5 m under a flood irrigation system in calcareous soils. The trees were irrigated under three regimes, which were: 5-day (I1), 10-day (I2) and 15-day (I3) interval. The humic acid treatments (thereafter referred to as HA) included: humic acid soil application around tree’s trunk (T1), foliar application (T2), soil and foliar application (T3) and a control (T4) whereby no humic acid treatment was made. HA treatments were applied on the months of April, May, June and July during each of the years (2006-2009). During 2006 and 2007 vegetative growth measurements and leaf mineral contents were measured. In 2008 and 2009 when the plum trees had attained maturation and had reached their reproductive stage, the fruit quality and yield were determined. Each of the humic acid additions in either soil or foliar application method increased the physical attributes (vegetative) of the trees during the first and second seasons of growth relative to the control. The combined foliar and soil applications of humic acid (T3) increased tree height and Trunk Cross-sectional Area (TCA); shoot number, length and diameter during 2006 and 2007 seasons compared to all other treatments. The largest combined effect of irrigation and humic acid treatments during the vegetative seasons (2006 and 2007)on the plum trees was observed for the T3 I2 treatment, followed by the T3 I1 and T1 I2 in that order. The vegetative growth parameters highlighted the importance of humic acid and its usefulness in increasing water use efficiency for the 10-day irrigation interval as compared to the 5-day interval. Foliar and soil humic acid treatment significantly induced high leaf contents of both macro- and micro- minerals (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn). The soil mode of application T1 was inferior to the foliar mode of humic acid application (T2) during the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007. In the two studied years 2008 and 2009, the highest yield with good fruit quality was obtained from trees under T3, so it recommended.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Each humic acid application, in soil or as foliar spray, increased vegetative attributes of plum trees relative to the control in the first and second seasons.
- Taxon
- Prunus domestica
Prunus domesticae0 - Treatment
- humic acid additions in either soil or foliar application methode1
- Outcome
- physical attributes (vegetative)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e1“Each of the humic acid additions in either soil or foliar application method increased the physical attributes (vegetative) of the trees during the first and second seasons of growth relative to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar and soil humic acid application (T3) increased tree height and trunk cross-sectional area compared with all other treatments in 2006 and 2007.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- combined foliar and soil applications of humic acid (T3)e2
- Outcome
- tree height and Trunk Cross-sectional Area (TCA)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e2“The combined foliar and soil applications of humic acid (T3) increased tree height and Trunk Cross-sectional Area (TCA); shoot number, length and diameter during 2006 and 2007 seasons compared to all other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar and soil humic acid application (T3) increased shoot number, length and diameter compared with all other treatments in 2006 and 2007.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- combined foliar and soil applications of humic acid (T3)e2
- Outcome
- shoot number, length and diametere2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e2“The combined foliar and soil applications of humic acid (T3) increased tree height and Trunk Cross-sectional Area (TCA); shoot number, length and diameter during 2006 and 2007 seasons compared to all other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest combined effect of irrigation and humic acid treatments on plum trees was found for the T3 I2 treatment, followed by T3 I1 and T1 I2.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- T3 I2 treatmente4
- Outcome
- combined effect of irrigation and humic acid treatmentse4
- Direction
- largeste4
- Comparator
- T3 I1 and T1 I2e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e4“The largest combined effect of irrigation and humic acid treatments during the vegetative seasons (2006 and 2007)on the plum trees was observed for the T3 I2 treatment, followed by the T3 I1 and T1 I2 in that order”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid was useful for increasing water use efficiency on plum trees at the 10-day irrigation interval compared with the 5-day interval.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 10-day irrigation intervale5
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye5
- Direction
- increasinge5
- Comparator
- 5-day intervale5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e5“highlighted the importance of humic acid and its usefulness in increasing water use efficiency for the 10-day irrigation interval as compared to the 5-day interval”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar and soil humic acid treatment significantly induced high leaf contents of N, P and K in plum trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Foliar and soil humic acid treatmente6
- Outcome
- leaf contents of both macro- and micro- mineralse6
- Direction
- highe6
- Qualifier
- N, P, Ke6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e6“Foliar and soil humic acid treatment significantly induced high leaf contents of both macro- and micro- minerals (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar and soil humic acid treatment significantly induced high leaf contents of Fe, Mn and Zn in plum trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Foliar and soil humic acid treatmente6
- Outcome
- leaf contents of both macro- and micro- mineralse6
- Direction
- highe6
- Qualifier
- Fe, Mn and Zne6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e6“Foliar and soil humic acid treatment significantly induced high leaf contents of both macro- and micro- minerals (N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn)”
Claim · model-written summary
The soil mode of humic acid application (T1) was inferior to the foliar mode (T2) during the 2006 and 2007 growing seasons.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- soil mode of application T1e7
- Outcome
- inferiore7
- Direction
- inferiore7
- Comparator
- foliar mode of humic acid application (T2)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e7“The soil mode of application T1 was inferior to the foliar mode of humic acid application (T2) during the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007. In the two studied years 2008 and 2009, the highest yield with good fruit quality was obtained from trees under T3, so it recommended”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2008 and 2009 the highest yield with good fruit quality was obtained from plum trees under T3.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Treatment
- T3e7
- Outcome
- yield with good fruit qualitye7
- Direction
- higheste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e7“The soil mode of application T1 was inferior to the foliar mode of humic acid application (T2) during the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007. In the two studied years 2008 and 2009, the highest yield with good fruit quality was obtained from trees under T3, so it recommended”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the T3 humic acid treatment for plum trees.
- Taxon
- Prunus domesticaPrunus domesticae0
- Outcome
- T3e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the development and growth of Prunus domestica L. (Kelsy plum)”
e7“The soil mode of application T1 was inferior to the foliar mode of humic acid application (T2) during the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007. In the two studied years 2008 and 2009, the highest yield with good fruit quality was obtained from trees under T3, so it recommended”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.