Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at Research Farm of Alkod Station (Delta of Abyan) in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons to study the effect of plant density and intercropping pattern as well as their interaction on yield and competitive relationships of maize and cowpea. Four plant densities were used (56000, 67000, 83000 and 111000 plants /hectare) and three intercropping patterns (1:1, 2:1 and 3:3) for maize and cowpea respectively, in addition to sole cropping treatment. The results could be summarized as follows: - Increasing plant density significantly increased biological and grain yield of maize while harvest index was decreased. Intercropping patterns significantly reduced biological and grain yield of maize while harvest index was increased. Interaction between plant densities and intercropping patterns significantly affected biological and grain yield of maize as well as harvest index and the maximum grain yield was obtained under 2:1 intercropping pattern at 83000 plants/ hectare. - Biological and seed yield of cowpea were significantly increased by increasing plant density while harvest index was decreased with significant value in the second season. Intercropping patterns significantly reduced biological and seed yield while harvest index was increased. The interaction between plant densities and intercropping patterns had significant effect on biological and seed yield of cowpea in both seasons as well as harvest index in the second season and the highest seed yield was obtained under 3:3 patterns at 111000 plants/ hectare. Land equivalent ratio( LER) and relative crowding coefficient( K) values indicated that intercropping cowpea with maize gave yield advantage at all combinations of plant densities and intercropping patterns and the highest values of LER (1.51 and 160) in the first and second seasons respectively were obtained under 3:3 pattern at 111000 plants/ hectare. - Aggressivity values and competitive ratio indicated that maize was the dominant intercrop while cowpea was the dominated intercrop.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density significantly increased maize biological and grain yield.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing plant density significantly increased biological and grain yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density decreased maize harvest index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing plant density significantly increased biological and grain yield of maize while harvest index was decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping significantly reduced maize biological and grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping patterns significantly reduced biological and grain yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased maize harvest index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping patterns significantly reduced biological and grain yield of maize while harvest index was increased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Density and intercropping interacted significantly for maize biological yield, grain yield and harvest index.
- Treatment
- plant densities and intercropping patternse0
- Outcome
- biological and grain yield of maize as well as harvest indexe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction between plant densities and intercropping patterns significantly affected biological and grain yield of maize as well as harvest index”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum maize grain yield occurred at 2:1 intercropping and 83000 plants per hectare.
- Treatment
- 2:1 intercropping pattern at 83000 plants/ hectaree0
- Outcome
- maximum grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum grain yield was obtained under 2:1 intercropping pattern at 83000 plants/ hectare”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density significantly increased cowpea biological and seed yield.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- Biological and seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biological and seed yield of cowpea were significantly increased by increasing plant density”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density decreased cowpea harvest index significantly in the second season.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- in the second seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biological and seed yield of cowpea were significantly increased by increasing plant density while harvest index was decreased with significant value in the second season.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping significantly reduced cowpea biological and seed yield.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Intercropping patternse0
- Outcome
- biological and seed yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping patterns significantly reduced biological and seed yield”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased cowpea harvest index.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Intercropping patternse0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping patterns significantly reduced biological and seed yield while harvest index was increased.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Density and intercropping interacted significantly for cowpea biological and seed yield in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- plant densities and intercropping patternse0
- Outcome
- biological and seed yield of cowpeae0
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between plant densities and intercropping patterns had significant effect on biological and seed yield of cowpea in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Density and intercropping interacted significantly for cowpea harvest index in the second season.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- plant densities and intercropping patternse0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Qualifier
- in the second seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between plant densities and intercropping patterns had significant effect on biological and seed yield of cowpea in both seasons as well as harvest index in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest cowpea seed yield occurred under 3:3 intercropping at 111000 plants per hectare.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 3:3 patterns at 111000 plants/ hectaree0
- Outcome
- highest seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest seed yield was obtained under 3:3 patterns at 111000 plants/ hectare”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping cowpea with maize gave yield advantage across all tested combinations.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- intercropping cowpea with maizee0
- Outcome
- yield advantagee0
- Direction
- advantagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intercropping cowpea with maize gave yield advantage at all combinations of plant densities and intercropping patterns”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest reported first-season LER was 1.51 at 3:3 pattern and 111000 plants per hectare.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 3:3 pattern at 111000 plants/ hectaree0
- Outcome
- LERe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.51e0
- Qualifier
- firste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values of LER (1.51 and 160) in the first and second seasons respectively were obtained under 3:3 pattern at 111000 plants/ hectare”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest reported second-season LER was 160 at 3:3 pattern and 111000 plants per hectare.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- 3:3 pattern at 111000 plants/ hectaree0
- Outcome
- LERe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 160e0
- Qualifier
- seconde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values of LER (1.51 and 160) in the first and second seasons respectively were obtained under 3:3 pattern at 111000 plants/ hectare”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Aggressivity and competitive ratio identified maize as the dominant intercrop.
- Outcome
- dominant intercrope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aggressivity values and competitive ratio indicated that maize was the dominant intercrop while cowpea was the dominated intercrop.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aggressivity and competitive ratio identified cowpea as the dominated intercrop.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- dominated intercrope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aggressivity values and competitive ratio indicated that maize was the dominant intercrop while cowpea was the dominated intercrop.”
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