Abstract
Natural compounds isolated from macroalgae are promising, ecofriendly, and multifunctional bioinoculants, which have been tested and used in agriculture. Ulvans, for instance, one of the major polysaccharides present in Ulva spp. cell walls, have been tested for their plant growth-promoting properties as well as their ability to activate plant immune defense, on a large variety of crops. Recently, we have characterized for the first time an arabinogalactan protein-like (AGP-like) from Ulva lactuca , which exhibits several features associated to land plant AGPs. In land plant, AGPs were shown to play a role in several plant biological functions, including cell morphogenesis, reproduction, and plant-microbe interactions. Thus, isolated AGP-like proteins may be good candidates for either the plant growth-promoting properties or the activation of plant immune defense. Here, we have isolated an AGP-like enriched fraction from Ulva lactuca and we have evaluated its ability to (i) protect oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ) cotyledons against Leptosphaeria maculans , and (ii) its ability to activate immune responses. Preventive application of the Ulva AGP-like enriched fraction on oilseed rape, followed by cotyledon inoculation with the fungal hemibiotroph L. maculans , resulted in a major reduction of infection propagation. The noticed reduction correlated with an accumulation of H 2 O 2 in treated cotyledons and with the activation of SA and ET signaling pathways in oilseed rape cotyledons. In parallel, an ulvan was also isolated from Ulva lactuca . Preventive application of ulvan also enhanced plant resistance against L. maculans . Surprisingly, reduction of infection severity was only observed at high concentration of ulvan. Here, no such significant changes in gene expression and H 2 O 2 production were observed. Together, this study indicates that U. lactuca AGP-like glycoproteins exhibit promising elicitor activity and that plant eliciting properties of Ulva extract, might result not only from an ulvan-originated eliciting activities, but also AGP-like originated.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive application of the Ulva AGP-like enriched fraction on oilseed rape cotyledons before inoculation with Leptosphaeria maculans greatly reduced infection propagation.
- Taxon
- oilseed rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Organ / stage
- cotyledone0
- Treatment
- Preventive application of the Ulva AGP-like enriched fractione0
- Interactor
- L. maculans
Plenodomus lingame0pathogen - Outcome
- infection propagatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Preventive application of the Ulva AGP-like enriched fraction on oilseed rape, followed by cotyledon inoculation with the fungal hemibiotroph L. maculans , resulted in a major reduction of infection propagation”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction in infection correlated with an accumulation of H2O2 in treated oilseed rape cotyledons.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- treated cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The noticed reduction correlated with an accumulation of H 2 O 2 in treated cotyledons and with the activation of SA and ET signaling pathways in oilseed rape cotyledons”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction in infection correlated with activation of the SA and ET signaling pathways in oilseed rape cotyledons.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- oilseed rape cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- activation of SA and ET signaling pathwayse0
- Direction
- activatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The noticed reduction correlated with an accumulation of H 2 O 2 in treated cotyledons and with the activation of SA and ET signaling pathways in oilseed rape cotyledons”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive application of ulvan also enhanced oilseed rape resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans.
- Taxon
- Oilseed Cropt0
- Treatment
- Preventive application of ulvane0
- Interactor
- L. maculansPlenodomus lingame0pathogen
- Outcome
- plant resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preventive application of ulvan also enhanced plant resistance against L. maculans”
t0“Oilseed Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduction of infection severity by ulvan was observed only at high ulvan concentration.
- Taxon
- Oilseed Cropt0
- Treatment
- high concentration of ulvane0
- Outcome
- infection severitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“reduction of infection severity was only observed at high concentration of ulvan”
t0“Oilseed Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
With ulvan, no significant changes in gene expression or H2O2 production were observed.
- Taxon
- Oilseed Cropt0
- Treatment
- ulvane0
- Outcome
- gene expression and H 2 O 2 productione0
- Direction
- no such significant changese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Surprisingly, reduction of infection severity was only observed at high concentration of ulvan. Here, no such significant changes in gene expression and H 2 O 2 production were observed”
t0“Oilseed Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that U. lactuca AGP-like glycoproteins show promising elicitor activity.
- Taxon
- U. lactuca
Ulva lactucae0 - Outcome
- promising elicitor activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this study indicates that U. lactuca AGP-like glycoproteins exhibit promising elicitor activity”