Abstract
A quantitative understanding of the factors driving changes in grain filling is essential for effective prioritization of increasing maize yield. Grain filling is a significant stage in maize yield formation. Solar radiation is the energy source for grain filling, which is the ultimate driving factor for final grain weight and grain filling capacity that determine maize yield. Here, we first confirmed the quantitative relationships between grain filling parameters and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by conducting field experiments using different shading and plant density conditions and cultivars in 2019 and 2020 in Xinjiang, China. The results showed that with every 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR, the average grain filling rate ( G ave ), maximum grain-filling rate ( G max ), and the kernel weight at the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( W max ) increased by 0.073 mg kernel −1 day −1 , 0.23 mg kernel −1 day −1 , and 0.24 mg kernel −1 , and the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( T max ) delayed by 0.91 day. Relative changes in PAR were significantly and positively correlated with relative changes in yield and G ave . With every 1% change in PAR, yield and G ave changed by 1.16 and 0.17%, respectively. From the perspective of grain filling capacity, DH618 was a more shade-resistant cultivar than XY335 and ZD958. It is urgent to breed maize cultivars with low light tolerance and high grain yield in the face of climate change, particularly the decrease in solar radiation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Each 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR increased average grain filling rate by 0.073 mg kernel −1 day −1.
- Treatment
- PARe0
- Outcome
- average grain filling ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.073 mg kernel −1 day −1e0
- Qualifier
- 100 MJ m −2e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“with every 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR, the average grain filling rate ( G ave ), maximum grain-filling rate ( G max ), and the kernel weight at the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( W max ) increased by 0.073 mg kernel −1 day −1 , 0.23 mg kernel −1 day −1 , and 0.24 mg kernel −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Each 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR increased maximum grain filling rate by 0.23 mg kernel −1 day −1.
- Treatment
- PARe0
- Outcome
- maximum grain-filling ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.23 mg kernel −1 day −1e0
- Qualifier
- 100 MJ m −2e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“with every 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR, the average grain filling rate ( G ave ), maximum grain-filling rate ( G max ), and the kernel weight at the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( W max ) increased by 0.073 mg kernel −1 day −1 , 0.23 mg kernel −1 day −1 , and 0.24 mg kernel −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Each 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR increased kernel weight at maximum grain filling rate by 0.24 mg kernel −1.
- Treatment
- PARe0
- Outcome
- kernel weight at the time of maximum grain-filling ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.24 mg kernel −1e0
- Qualifier
- 100 MJ m −2e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“with every 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR, the average grain filling rate ( G ave ), maximum grain-filling rate ( G max ), and the kernel weight at the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( W max ) increased by 0.073 mg kernel −1 day −1 , 0.23 mg kernel −1 day −1 , and 0.24 mg kernel −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Each 100 MJ m −2 increase in PAR delayed time of maximum grain filling rate by 0.91 day.
Not reportedTaxonTreatment
Verbatim
e0“the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( T max ) delayed by 0.91 day.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative PAR changes correlated significantly and positively with relative yield changes.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Relative changes in PAR were significantly and positively correlated with relative changes in yield and G ave .”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative PAR changes correlated significantly and positively with relative average grain filling rate changes.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Relative changes in PAR were significantly and positively correlated with relative changes in yield and G ave .”
Claim · model-written summary
For each 1% PAR change, yield changed by 1.16%.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“With every 1% change in PAR, yield and G ave changed by 1.16 and 0.17%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
For each 1% PAR change, average grain filling rate changed by 0.17%.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“With every 1% change in PAR, yield and G ave changed by 1.16 and 0.17%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
DH618 had greater shade resistance by grain filling capacity than XY335 and ZD958.
- Material
- DH618e0
- Outcome
- more shade-resistant cultivare0
- Direction
- more shade-resistante0
- Comparator
- XY335 and ZD958e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“From the perspective of grain filling capacity, DH618 was a more shade-resistant cultivar than XY335 and ZD958.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors call for breeding maize cultivars with low light tolerance and high grain yield.
- Outcome
- breed maize cultivars with low light tolerance and high grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- decrease in solar radiatione0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is urgent to breed maize cultivars with low light tolerance and high grain yield in the face of climate change, particularly the decrease in solar radiation.”