Abstract
Wheat is the most extensively cultivated crop and occupies a central place in human nutrition providing 20% of the daily food calories. This study was conducted to find both T and ψ effects on wheat germination and the cardinal Ts value; a lab experiment was accomplished using HTT models. Cultivars were germinated under different accelerated aging periods (AAP, 0, 24, 48, and 72 h) at each of the following constant Ts of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C at each of the ψs of 0, −0.05, −0.1, −0.15, and −0.2 MPa. GR, GP, and other germination parameters (GI, GRI, CVG, SVI-I, SVI-II, GE, and MGT) were significantly determined by solute potential, temperature, and reciprocal action in both cultivars (p ≤ 0.01). Depending on the confidence interval of the model co-efficiently between cultivars, there was no significant difference. Hence, the average of cardinal Ts was 15, 20, and 35 °C for the Tb, To, and Tc, respectively, in the control condition (0 MPa). Hydro-time values declined when Ts was raised to To in cultivars, then remained constant at Ts ≥ To (2.4 MPah−1 in Pirsabak 15 and 0.96 MPah−1 in Shahkar). The slope of the relationship between ψb(50) and TTsupra with temperature when Ts is raised above To and reaches 0 at Tc. In conclusion, the assessed parameter values in this study can easily be used in simulation models of wheat germination to quantitatively characterize the physiological status of wheat seed populations at different Ts and ψs.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Solute potential, temperature and their interaction significantly determined germination parameters in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- solute potential, temperature, and reciprocal actione0
- Outcome
- GR, GP, and other germination parameters (GI, GRI, CVG, SVI-I, SVI-II, GE, and MGT)e0
- Value
- p ≤ 0.01e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GR, GP, and other germination parameters (GI, GRI, CVG, SVI-I, SVI-II, GE, and MGT) were significantly determined by solute potential, temperature, and reciprocal action in both cultivars (p ≤ 0.01).”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Model coefficients did not differ significantly between cultivars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- model co-efficientlye0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- between cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“Depending on the confidence interval of the model co-efficiently between cultivars, there was no significant difference.”
Claim · model-written summary
Average base, optimum and ceiling temperatures were 15, 20 and 35 °C under control conditions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- cardinal Tse0
- Value
- 15, 20, and 35 °Ce0
- Qualifier
- control condition (0 MPa)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“the average of cardinal Ts was 15, 20, and 35 °C for the Tb, To, and Tc, respectively, in the control condition (0 MPa).”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro-time values declined as temperature increased to the optimum and then stayed constant at higher temperatures.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ts was raised to Toe0
- Outcome
- Hydro-time valuese0
- Direction
- declinede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“Hydro-time values declined when Ts was raised to To in cultivars, then remained constant at Ts ≥ To (2.4 MPah−1 in Pirsabak 15 and 0.96 MPah−1 in Shahkar).”
Claim · model-written summary
At temperatures at or above the optimum, hydro-time remained at 2.4 MPah−1 in Pirsabak 15.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Pirsabak 15e0
- Outcome
- Hydro-timee0
- Direction
- remained constante0
- Value
- 2.4 MPah−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“Hydro-time values declined when Ts was raised to To in cultivars, then remained constant at Ts ≥ To (2.4 MPah−1 in Pirsabak 15 and 0.96 MPah−1 in Shahkar).”
Claim · model-written summary
At temperatures at or above the optimum, hydro-time remained at 0.96 MPah−1 in Shahkar.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Shahkare0
- Outcome
- Hydro-timee0
- Direction
- remained constante0
- Value
- 0.96 MPah−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“Hydro-time values declined when Ts was raised to To in cultivars, then remained constant at Ts ≥ To (2.4 MPah−1 in Pirsabak 15 and 0.96 MPah−1 in Shahkar).”
Claim · model-written summary
The slope of the ψb(50) and TTsupra relationship reaches zero at the ceiling temperature.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- temperaturee0
- Outcome
- slope of the relationship between ψb(50) and TTsuprae0
- Direction
- reaches 0e0
- Qualifier
- at Tce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e0“The slope of the relationship between ψb(50) and TTsupra with temperature when Ts is raised above To and reaches 0 at Tc.”