Abstract
Environmental extremes such as hypersaline conditions are significant threats to agricultural productivity. The sustainable use of halophilic microbial strains was evaluated in plant in a salt stress environment. Oxygen-evolving complex (OEC), energy compartmentalization, harvesting efficiencies (LHE), specific energy fluxes (SEF), and nitrogen assimilation of oilseed crops (Sunflower cultivars) in a suboptimal environment was examined. Plants were grown in a plastic pot (15 ×18 cm 2 ) containing sterilized (autoclaved at 120°C for 1 h) soil. Twenty-five ml suspension (10 7 CFU/ml) each of Bacillus cereus strain KUB-15 and KUB-27 (accession number NR 074540.1) and Bacillus licheniformis strain AAB9 (accession number MW362506), were applied via drenching method. Month-old plants were subjected to salt stress via gradual increment method. The energy compartmentalization of microbial inoculated plants exposed to salt stress revealed higher photosystem II (PSII) activity at the donor side, lesser photo-inhibition, and increased performance of oxygen-evolving complex compared to control. High potassium (K + ) and low sodium (Na + ) ions in treated leaves with the activated barricade of the antioxidant system stimulated by Bacillus strains favored enhanced photochemical efficiency, smooth electron transport, and lesser energy dissipation in the stressed plants. Moreover, the results reveal the increased activity of nitrite reductase (NiR) and nitrate reductase (NR) by microbial inoculation that elevated the nitrogen availability in the salt-stressed plant. The current research concludes that the application of bio-inoculants that reside in the hyper-saline environment offers substantial potential to enhance salt tolerance in sunflowers by modulating their water uptake, chlorophyll, nitrogen metabolism, and better photochemical yield.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded higher photosystem II (PSII) activity.
- Taxon
- Sunflower Cultivars
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- photosystem II (PSII) activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“higher photosystem II (PSII) activity at the donor side”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded lesser photo-inhibition.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- photo-inhibitione0
- Direction
- lessere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“lesser photo-inhibition”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded increased performance of oxygen-evolving complex.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- performance of oxygen-evolving complexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“increased performance of oxygen-evolving complex”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded High potassium (K + ).
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- potassium (K + )e0
- Direction
- Highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“High potassium (K + )”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded low sodium (Na + ) ions.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- sodium (Na + ) ionse0
- Direction
- lowe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“low sodium (Na + ) ions”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded enhanced photochemical efficiency.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- photochemical efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“enhanced photochemical efficiency”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded smooth electron transport.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- electron transporte0
- Direction
- smoothe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“smooth electron transport”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded lesser energy dissipation.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- energy dissipatione0
- Direction
- lessere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“lesser energy dissipation”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded increased activity of nitrite reductase (NiR) and nitrate reductase (NR).
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- activity of nitrite reductase (NiR) and nitrate reductase (NR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“increased activity of nitrite reductase (NiR) and nitrate reductase (NR)”
e1“microbial inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation under salt stress yielded elevated nitrogen availability.
- Taxon
- Sunflower CultivarsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- microbial inoculatione1
- Outcome
- nitrogen availabilitye0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower Cultivars”
e0“elevated the nitrogen availability”
e1“microbial inoculation”
The same questions in other papers
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- negative
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28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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See all 35 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.