Abstract
The study deals with the distribution pattern and morphology of stomata and cystoliths in the leaves of six taxa of the genus Ficus of the family Moraceae in Arunachal Pradesh. All the plant species studied contained stomata and cystoliths, which vary in shape and size. Actinocytic stomata type was present in only one species (Ficus sp. 1). Anomocytic type in three, and paracytic in four species. Stomatal frequency calculation revealed that the highest frequency was reported in F. hispida and the lowest in F. rumphii. There is also an indication that semi-coriaceous and coriaceous glabrous leaved species of Ficus are linked to the stomatal characters. The results have shown the presence of stalks in all the cystoliths of various sizes. Different shapes such as star-shaped, bean-shaped, solitary, round, and oblong cystoliths are recorded during the study. The largest cystoliths were found in F. rumphii, where its spinous surface is quite distinct from all other species and can be recognized very easily. Cystoliths are found to occur on both sides of the epidermal layer in three species (F. religiosa, F. rumphii and Ficus sp.3) whereas, it was found in the upper epidermal layer in other species. Photographic details, along with a systematic key using the cystoliths characters were also established.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
All studied Ficus species contained stomata and cystoliths in their leaves.
FicusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
t1“Arunachal Pradesh”
e0“stomata and cystoliths in the leaves of six taxa of the genus Ficus”
e1“All the plant species studied contained stomata and cystoliths”
Claim · model-written summary
Actinocytic stomata were present in only one species, Ficus sp. 1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e2“Actinocytic stomata type was present in only one species (Ficus sp. 1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Anomocytic stomata were present in three species.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e3“Anomocytic type in three”
Claim · model-written summary
Paracytic stomata were present in four species.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e4“paracytic in four species”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal frequency was highest in F. hispida.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e5“Stomatal frequency calculation revealed that the highest frequency was reported in F. hispida and the lowest in F. rumphii”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal frequency was lowest in F. rumphii.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e5“Stomatal frequency calculation revealed that the highest frequency was reported in F. hispida and the lowest in F. rumphii”
Claim · model-written summary
Semi-coriaceous and coriaceous glabrous leaved Ficus species are linked to stomatal characters.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e7“semi-coriaceous and coriaceous glabrous leaved species of Ficus are linked to the stomatal characters”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalks are present in all cystoliths of various sizes.
- Outcome
- presence of stalks in all the cystolithse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e1“The results have shown the presence of stalks in all the cystoliths of various sizes”
Claim · model-written summary
Cystoliths vary in shape, including star-shaped, bean-shaped, solitary, round and oblong forms.
- Outcome
- Different shapese1
- Qualifier
- star-shaped, bean-shaped, solitary, round, and oblong cystolithse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e1“Different shapes such as star-shaped, bean-shaped, solitary, round, and oblong cystoliths are recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest cystoliths were found in F. rumphii.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e1“The largest cystoliths were found in F. rumphii”
Claim · model-written summary
Cystoliths occur on both sides of the epidermal layer in three species.
- Material
- F. religiosa, F. rumphii and Ficus sp.3e1
- Outcome
- occur on both sides of the epidermal layere1
- Value
- three speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e1“Cystoliths are found to occur on both sides of the epidermal layer in three species (F. religiosa, F. rumphii and Ficus sp.3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cystoliths are found in the upper epidermal layer in other species.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e1“it was found in the upper epidermal layer in other species”
Claim · model-written summary
A systematic key based on cystolith characters was established.
- Outcome
- systematic key using the cystoliths characterse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ficus”
e1“a systematic key using the cystoliths characters were also established”