Abstract
Organic fertilizers increase soil aeration, water and nutrient holding capacity, improve seed germination and encourage the production of thicker roots, increase the yield and quality of the crop. This study was aimed to determine the effects of organic fertilizer (vermicompost, sheep manure, cattle manure, poultry manure and inorganic fertilizer as control) applications on the root and plant development of soybean during two growth stages, namely third trifoliate stage (V3) and beginning of flowering of the plants (R1) in the pot condition. The experiment was established with a two-factorial randomized plot design with four replications. The fertilizer applications had a significant effect (p<0.01) on the V3 and R1 growth stages of soybean. The highest plant height (36.78 cm) and root length (41.18 cm) were achieved with vermicompost, and the lowest plant height (21.73 cm) was recorded with inorganic fertilizer. The number of nodules was highest for vermicompost and cattle manure applications (17.16 plant-1 and 16.76 plant-1, respectively), and lowest for poultry manure (0.22 plant-1). In the R1 growth stage, poultry manure produced the highest biological fresh and dry weights, root dry weight at 25.08 g plant-1 and 5.67 g plant-1, 3.99 g plant-1 respectively. As a result, it was demonstrated that vermicompost and poultry manure applications promote strong root and plant development due to high organic matter and phosphorus and can be used successfully without inorganic fertilize application in soybean farming.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and inorganic fertilizer applications had a significant effect (p<0.01) on soybean growth at the V3 and R1 stages.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- fertilizer applicationse0
- Outcome
- V3 and R1 growth stagese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The fertilizer applications had a significant effect (p<0.01) on the V3 and R1 growth stages of soybean”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost gave the highest soybean plant height, 36.78 cm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 36.78 cme0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The highest plant height (36.78 cm) and root length (41.18 cm) were achieved with vermicompost”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost gave the longest soybean root length, 41.18 cm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 41.18 cme0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The highest plant height (36.78 cm) and root length (41.18 cm) were achieved with vermicompost”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest soybean plant height, 21.73 cm, was recorded with inorganic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 21.73 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“the lowest plant height (21.73 cm) was recorded with inorganic fertilizer”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost gave the highest number of soybean nodules, 17.16 per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- number of nodulese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 17.16 plant-1e0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The number of nodules was highest for vermicompost and cattle manure applications (17.16 plant-1 and 16.76 plant-1, respectively), and lowest for poultry manure (0.22 plant-1)”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure also gave a high number of soybean nodules, 16.76 per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- number of nodulese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 16.76 plant-1e0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The number of nodules was highest for vermicompost and cattle manure applications (17.16 plant-1 and 16.76 plant-1, respectively), and lowest for poultry manure (0.22 plant-1)”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure gave the lowest number of soybean nodules, 0.22 per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- number of nodulese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.22 plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The number of nodules was highest for vermicompost and cattle manure applications (17.16 plant-1 and 16.76 plant-1, respectively), and lowest for poultry manure (0.22 plant-1)”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
At the R1 stage poultry manure produced the highest biological fresh weight, 25.08 g per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- biological fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 25.08 g plant-1e0
- Qualifier
- R1 growth stagee0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“In the R1 growth stage, poultry manure produced the highest biological fresh and dry weights, root dry weight at 25.08 g plant-1 and 5.67 g plant-1, 3.99 g plant-1 respectively”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
At the R1 stage poultry manure produced the highest biological dry weight, 5.67 g per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- biological fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.67 g plant-1e0
- Qualifier
- R1 growth stagee0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“In the R1 growth stage, poultry manure produced the highest biological fresh and dry weights, root dry weight at 25.08 g plant-1 and 5.67 g plant-1, 3.99 g plant-1 respectively”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
At the R1 stage poultry manure produced the highest root dry weight, 3.99 g per plant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.99 g plant-1e0
- Qualifier
- R1 growth stagee0
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“In the R1 growth stage, poultry manure produced the highest biological fresh and dry weights, root dry weight at 25.08 g plant-1 and 5.67 g plant-1, 3.99 g plant-1 respectively”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that vermicompost and poultry manure applications promote root and plant development and can replace inorganic fertilizer in soybean farming.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- vermicompost and poultry manure applicationse0
- Outcome
- can be used successfully without inorganic fertilize applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“vermicompost and poultry manure applications promote strong root and plant development due to high organic matter and phosphorus and can be used successfully without inorganic fertilize application in soybean farming”
e1“inorganic fertilizer as control”
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