Abstract
The invasive Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald; = Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner) is a serious pest of sorghum production in the southern USA. Demonstration of technologies that provide effective control is key to management of this pest. Here, we investigated the effect of host plant resistance (resistant cultivar: DKS37-07 and susceptible cultivar: DKS53-53) and a single foliar insecticide (flupyradifurone: Sivanto Prime) application on M. sorghi infestations and the role of natural enemy populations in grain sorghum production across five locations in four states in southeastern USA. Foliar insecticide application significantly suppressed M. sorghi infestations on both the resistant and susceptible sorghum cultivars across all locations. Planting the host plant resistant cultivar (DKS37-07) significantly reduced aphid infestation across all locations. Plant damage ratings did not vary widely, but there was generally a positive association between aphid counts and observed plant damage, suggesting that increasing aphid numbers resulted in corresponding increase in plant damage. Planting a host plant resistant cultivar and foliar insecticide application generally preserved grain yield. Both sorghum hybrids supported an array of different life stages of natural enemies (predators [lady beetle larvae and adults; hoverfly larvae and lacewing larvae] and parasitoids [a braconid and aphelinid]) for both the sprayed and non-sprayed treatments. We found a strong and significant positive relationship between the natural enemies and the M. sorghi infestation. Results suggest that planting a host plant resistant cultivar and the integration of natural enemies with insecticide control methods in the management of M. sorghi is central to the development of an effective pest management strategy against this invasive pest.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar insecticide suppressed aphid infestations on both sorghum cultivars across all locations.
- Treatment
- Foliar insecticide applicatione0
- Interactor
- M. sorghi
Melanaphis sorghie0pest - Outcome
- M. sorghi infestationse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- across all locationse0
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar insecticide application significantly suppressed M. sorghi infestations on both the resistant and susceptible sorghum cultivars across all locations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant cultivar DKS37-07 reduced aphid infestations across locations.
- Material
- DKS37-07e0
- Treatment
- Planting the host plant resistant cultivar (DKS37-07)e0
- Outcome
- aphid infestatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- across all locationse0
- Comparator
- susceptible cultivar: DKS53-53e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting the host plant resistant cultivar (DKS37-07) significantly reduced aphid infestation across all locations.”
e1“resistant cultivar: DKS37-07 and susceptible cultivar: DKS53-53”
e2“grain sorghum production”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant cultivar planting generally preserved grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting a host plant resistant cultivar and foliar insecticide application generally preserved grain yield.”
e1“grain sorghum production”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar insecticide application generally preserved grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting a host plant resistant cultivar and foliar insecticide application generally preserved grain yield.”
e1“grain sorghum production”
Claim · model-written summary
Both sorghum hybrids supported predator and parasitoid life stages with and without spraying.
- Interactor
- lady beetlee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- life stages of natural enemiese0
- Qualifier
- for both the sprayed and non-sprayed treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both sorghum hybrids supported an array of different life stages of natural enemies (predators [lady beetle larvae and adults; hoverfly larvae and lacewing larvae] and parasitoids [a braconid and aphelinid]) for both the sprayed and non-sprayed treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural enemy abundance was positively related to aphid infestation.
- Interactor
- M. sorghiMelanaphis sorghie0pest
- Second interactor
- natural enemiese0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- M. sorghi infestatione0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a strong and significant positive relationship between the natural enemies and the M. sorghi infestation”
e1“sorghum hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combining resistant cultivars, natural enemies and insecticide for aphid management.
- Interactor
- M. sorghiMelanaphis sorghie0pest
- Outcome
- planting a host plant resistant cultivar and the integration of natural enemies with insecticide control methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results suggest that planting a host plant resistant cultivar and the integration of natural enemies with insecticide control methods in the management of M. sorghi is central to the development of an effective pest management strategy against this invasive pest.”
e1“grain sorghum production”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.