Paper · 2022 · International Journal of Environment and Climate Change

Effect of Spacing and Panchagavya on Growth and Yield Attributes of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Kasula Arun; Victor Debbarma

9
claims
36
verbatim quotes
4
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season 2021-22 at the experimental field of the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of three levels of spacing (20 cm x 10 cm, 30 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x10 cm) and three concentrations of panchagavya (2, 3 and 5%). The results revealed that significantly higher plant height (51.1 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (11.7) and higher plant dry weight (25.7 g). Whereas the maximum number of pods/plant (62.0), higher seeds/pod (1.86), maximum seed index (22.9 g), higher seed yield (2.58 t/ha), higher stover yield (5.34 t/ha) and higher harvest index (36.6%) were recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant height was significantly higher (51.1 cm) under the spacing and panchagavya treatments.

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
three levels of spacinge0
Outcome
plant heighte1
Direction
highere1
Value
51.1 cme1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“significantly higher plant height (51.1 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–585 · show in text ↑
e0

“three levels of spacing (20 cm x 10 cm, 30 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x10 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 392–460 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum number of nodules per plant (11.7) was recorded under the spacing and panchagavya treatments.

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
three levels of spacinge0
Outcome
number of nodules/plante1
Direction
maximume1
Value
11.7e1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“maximum number of nodules/plant (11.7)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 587–625 · show in text ↑
e0

“three levels of spacing (20 cm x 10 cm, 30 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x10 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 392–460 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant dry weight was higher (25.7 g) under the spacing and panchagavya treatments.

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
three levels of spacinge0
Outcome
plant dry weighte1
Direction
highere1
Value
25.7 ge1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“higher plant dry weight (25.7 g)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 630–662 · show in text ↑
e0

“three levels of spacing (20 cm x 10 cm, 30 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x10 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 392–460 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum number of pods per plant (62.0) was recorded in treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%e2
Outcome
number of pods/plante1
Direction
maximume1
Value
62.0e1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“maximum number of pods/plant (62.0)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 676–711 · show in text ↑
e2

“recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–928 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seeds per pod were higher (1.86) in treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%e2
Outcome
seeds/pode1
Direction
highere1
Value
1.86e1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“higher seeds/pod (1.86)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 713–736 · show in text ↑
e2

“recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–928 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum seed index (22.9 g) was recorded in treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%e2
Outcome
seed indexe1
Direction
maximume1
Value
22.9 ge1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“maximum seed index (22.9 g)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 738–765 · show in text ↑
e2

“recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–928 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield was higher (2.58 t/ha) in treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%e2
Outcome
seed yielde1
Direction
highere1
Value
2.58 t/hae1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“higher seed yield (2.58 t/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–796 · show in text ↑
e2

“recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–928 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Stover yield was higher (5.34 t/ha) in treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%e2
Outcome
stover yielde1
Direction
highere1
Value
5.34 t/hae1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“higher stover yield (5.34 t/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 798–829 · show in text ↑
e2

“recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–928 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Harvest index was higher (36.6%) in treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%).

Taxon
ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment
30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%e2
Outcome
harvest indexe1
Direction
highere1
Value
36.6%e1
Setting
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–97 · show in text ↑
e1

“higher harvest index (36.6%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 834–862 · show in text ↑
e2

“recorded in the treatment-5 (30 cm x 10 cm + panchagavya 3%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–928 · show in text ↑
e3

“Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 236–267 · show in text ↑

density · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 5 positive, 2 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

density · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 9 positive, 3 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.