Abstract
A field study was conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur during Rabi 2009–10 and 2010–11 to elucidate the effect of planting system, seed rate and irrigation level on growth, yield, water use efficiency and economics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The study revealed that nodules number (69%), nodule fresh weight (36.6%), nodule dry weight (31.8%), shoot dry weight (16%) and root dry weight (17.6%) increased significantly following furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting. Moreover, significant increments in growth and yield attributes such as branches/plant (49%), pods/plant (19.3%) and seed yield (20.1%) were also recorded under 75 cm raised beds. As a result, highest net return (INR 24 057/ha) and B: C ratio (1.98) were recorded in 75 cm raised beds. Raised bed also improved relative leaf water content and water use efficiency as saving of irrigation water up to 33.3% was recorded under raised bed over that in flat. Higher net return (INR 20 597/ha) and B:C ratio (1.87) were also recorded in 75% seed rate although nodulation, yield attributes and seed yield recorded under different seed rates and irrigation levels were similar. The study revealed that chickpea planted in 75 cm raised bed with 75% seed rate under NEPZ could perform better so far as its productivity and profitability were concerned.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
FIRB planting significantly increased chickpea nodule number by 69%.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) plantinge0
- Outcome
- nodules numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 69%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodules number (69%), nodule fresh weight (36.6%), nodule dry weight (31.8%), shoot dry weight (16%) and root dry weight (17.6%) increased significantly following furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
FIRB planting significantly increased chickpea nodule fresh weight by 36.6%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) plantinge0
- Outcome
- nodule fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 36.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodules number (69%), nodule fresh weight (36.6%), nodule dry weight (31.8%), shoot dry weight (16%) and root dry weight (17.6%) increased significantly following furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
FIRB planting significantly increased chickpea nodule dry weight by 31.8%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) plantinge0
- Outcome
- nodule dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 31.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodules number (69%), nodule fresh weight (36.6%), nodule dry weight (31.8%), shoot dry weight (16%) and root dry weight (17.6%) increased significantly following furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
FIRB planting significantly increased chickpea shoot dry weight by 16%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) plantinge0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodules number (69%), nodule fresh weight (36.6%), nodule dry weight (31.8%), shoot dry weight (16%) and root dry weight (17.6%) increased significantly following furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
FIRB planting significantly increased chickpea root dry weight by 17.6%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) plantinge0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodules number (69%), nodule fresh weight (36.6%), nodule dry weight (31.8%), shoot dry weight (16%) and root dry weight (17.6%) increased significantly following furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
75 cm raised beds significantly increased chickpea branches per plant by 49%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75 cm raised bedse0
- Outcome
- branches/plante0
- Value
- 49%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“branches/plant (49%), pods/plant (19.3%) and seed yield (20.1%) were also recorded under 75 cm raised beds”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
75 cm raised beds significantly increased chickpea pods per plant by 19.3%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75 cm raised bedse0
- Outcome
- pods/plante0
- Value
- 19.3%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“branches/plant (49%), pods/plant (19.3%) and seed yield (20.1%) were also recorded under 75 cm raised beds”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
75 cm raised beds significantly increased chickpea seed yield by 20.1%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75 cm raised bedse0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Value
- 20.1%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“branches/plant (49%), pods/plant (19.3%) and seed yield (20.1%) were also recorded under 75 cm raised beds”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
75 cm raised beds had the highest net return, INR 24 057/ha.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75 cm raised bedse0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- INR 24 057/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest net return (INR 24 057/ha) and B: C ratio (1.98) were recorded in 75 cm raised beds”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
75 cm raised beds had the highest benefit to cost ratio, 1.98.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75 cm raised bedse0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.98e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest net return (INR 24 057/ha) and B: C ratio (1.98) were recorded in 75 cm raised beds”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds improved relative chickpea leaf water content.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Raised bede0
- Outcome
- relative leaf water contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- flate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Raised bed also improved relative leaf water content and water use efficiency as saving of irrigation water up to 33.3% was recorded under raised bed over that in flat”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds improved chickpea water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Raised bede0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- flate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Raised bed also improved relative leaf water content and water use efficiency as saving of irrigation water up to 33.3% was recorded under raised bed over that in flat”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds saved up to 33.3% irrigation water versus flat planting.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- raised bede0
- Outcome
- saving of irrigation watere0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- up to 33.3%e0
- Comparator
- flate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saving of irrigation water up to 33.3% was recorded under raised bed over that in flat”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
A 75% seed rate yielded a higher net return of INR 20 597/ha.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75% seed ratee0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- INR 20 597/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher net return (INR 20 597/ha) and B:C ratio (1.87) were also recorded in 75% seed rate”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
A 75% seed rate yielded a higher benefit to cost ratio of 1.87.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 75% seed ratee0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- 1.87e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher net return (INR 20 597/ha) and B:C ratio (1.87) were also recorded in 75% seed rate”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodulation, yield attributes and seed yield were similar across seed rates and irrigation levels.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- different seed rates and irrigation levelse0
- Outcome
- nodulation, yield attributes and seed yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodulation, yield attributes and seed yield recorded under different seed rates and irrigation levels were similar”
t0“chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 75 cm raised beds with 75% seed rate for chickpea productivity and profitability in NEPZ.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- 75 cm raised bed with 75% seed ratee0
- Setting
- NEPZe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chickpea planted in 75 cm raised bed with 75% seed rate under NEPZ could perform better so far as its productivity and profitability were concerned”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ
26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
37 papers more in this group
See all 41 papers →tillage · physiology: water · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →density · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →tillage · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →irrigation · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →tillage · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →tillage · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
78 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- negative
93 papers more in this group
See all 97 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.