Abstract
Abstract Yellowing and decay of leaves were reduced when romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow) was prepackaged in closed polyethylene (PE) bags in which O 2 concentration was reduced by flushing with N 2 . Similar, but less effective results were obtained when the lettuce was prepackaged in closed PE bags (not flushed with N 2 gas), or when open bags were placed in PE-lined cartons, as well as when lettuce was vacuum precooled after packaging in open bags. Vacuum precooling of PE-lined cartons of lettuce did not further delay deterioration, since the process of vacuum cooling eliminated the modified atmosphere previously produced in PE liners. The efficacy of PE-lined cartons and that of closed PE bags in delaying deterioration of lettuce was related to reduction of O 2 and accumulation of CO 2 in the ambient atmosphere in the package. Concentrations of CO 2 in PE-lined cartons, which reached 8 to 12% at the end of holding at 18 to 20°C following storage at 1°C, had no adverse effect on romaine lettuce. However, about 64% of the heads of ‘Great Lakes’ lettuce packed in similar packages during cold storage showed CO 2 damage, even when CO 2 was not higher than about 3%.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Closed polyethylene bags flushed with nitrogen reduced lettuce leaf yellowing and decay.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)
Lactuca sativae3 - Treatment
- closed polyethylene (PE) bags in which O 2 concentration was reduced by flushing with N 2e0
- Outcome
- Yellowing and decay of leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yellowing and decay of leaves were reduced when romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow) was prepackaged in closed polyethylene (PE) bags in which O 2 concentration was reduced by flushing with N 2”
e3“romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)”
Claim · model-written summary
Closed unflushed polyethylene bags also delayed deterioration, less effectively.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)Lactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- closed PE bags (not flushed with N 2 gas)e0
- Outcome
- Yellowing and decay of leavese1
- Direction
- less effectivee0
- Comparator
- closed polyethylene (PE) bagse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar, but less effective results were obtained when the lettuce was prepackaged in closed PE bags (not flushed with N 2 gas)”
e3“romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)”
e1“Yellowing and decay of leaves were reduced when romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow) was prepackaged in closed polyethylene (PE) bags”
Claim · model-written summary
Open bags in polyethylene lined cartons delayed deterioration, less effectively than flushed closed bags.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)Lactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- open bags were placed in PE-lined cartonse0
- Outcome
- Yellowing and decay of leavese1
- Direction
- less effectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“or when open bags were placed in PE-lined cartons”
e3“romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)”
e1“Yellowing and decay of leaves were reduced”
e2“Similar, but less effective results were obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum precooling after packaging in open bags delayed deterioration, less effectively than flushed closed bags.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)Lactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- vacuum precooled after packaging in open bagse0
- Outcome
- Yellowing and decay of leavese1
- Direction
- less effectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as well as when lettuce was vacuum precooled after packaging in open bags”
e3“romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)”
e1“Yellowing and decay of leaves were reduced”
e2“Similar, but less effective results were obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum precooling polyethylene lined cartons did not further delay deterioration.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)Lactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- Vacuum precooling of PE-lined cartonse0
- Outcome
- deterioratione0
- Direction
- did not further delaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vacuum precooling of PE-lined cartons of lettuce did not further delay deterioration”
e3“romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hazera Yellow)”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon dioxide at 8 to 12% in lined cartons had no adverse effect on romaine lettuce.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce
Lactuca sativa var. longifoliae0 - Treatment
- Concentrations of CO 2 in PE-lined cartonse0
- Outcome
- adverse effecte0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
- Value
- 8 to 12%e0
- Qualifier
- at the end of holding at 18 to 20°C following storage at 1°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of CO 2 in PE-lined cartons, which reached 8 to 12% at the end of holding at 18 to 20°C following storage at 1°C, had no adverse effect on romaine lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
About 64% of Great Lakes lettuce heads showed carbon dioxide damage at concentrations no higher than about 3%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Material
- Great Lakese0
- Treatment
- similar packages during cold storagee0
- Outcome
- CO 2 damagee0
- Value
- about 64%e0
- Qualifier
- CO 2 was not higher than about 3%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“about 64% of the heads of ‘Great Lakes’ lettuce packed in similar packages during cold storage showed CO 2 damage, even when CO 2 was not higher than about 3%”
The same questions in other papers
storage · pest · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
storage · disease · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.