Abstract
Abstract The emergence of viral diseases results from novel transmission dynamics between wild and crop plant communities. The bias of studies towards pathogenic viruses of crops has distracted from knowledge of non-antagonistic symbioses in wild plants. Here, we implemented a high-throughput approach to compare the viromes of melon (Cucumis melo) and wild plants of crop (Crop) and adjacent boundaries (Edge). Each of the 41-plant species examined was infected by at least one virus. The interactions of 104 virus operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with these hosts occurred largely within ecological compartments of either Crop or Edge, with Edge having traits of a reservoir community. Local scale patterns of infection were characterised by the positive correlation between plant and virus richness at each site, the tendency for increased specialist host use through seasons, and specialist host use by OTUs observed only in Crop, characterised local-scale patterns of infection. In this study of systematically sampled viromes of a crop and adjacent wild communities, most hosts showed no disease symptoms, suggesting non-antagonistic symbioses are common. The coexistence of viruses within species-rich ecological compartments of agro-systems might promote the evolution of a diversity of virus strategies for survival and transmission. These communities, including those suspected as reservoirs, are subject to sporadic changes in assemblages, and so too are the conditions that favour the emergence of disease.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Each of the 41 plant species examined was infected by at least one virus.
Verbatim
e1“Each of the 41-plant species examined was infected by at least one virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Interactions of 104 virus OTUs with these hosts occurred largely within ecological compartments of either Crop or Edge.
- Taxon
- melon
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Cucumis melot0 - Outcome
- interactions of 104 virus operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with these hostse2
- Direction
- occurred largely withine2
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
OtusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“The interactions of 104 virus operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with these hosts occurred largely within ecological compartments of either Crop or Edge”
t0“melon,Cucumis melo”
Claim · model-written summary
Edge, the wild community adjacent to the crop, has traits of a reservoir community for viruses.
Verbatim
e3“with Edge having traits of a reservoir community”
e4“compare the viromes of melon (Cucumis melo) and wild plants of crop (Crop) and adjacent boundaries (Edge)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant richness and virus richness were positively correlated at each site.
Verbatim
e4“compare the viromes of melon (Cucumis melo) and wild plants of crop (Crop) and adjacent boundaries (Edge)”
e5“the positive correlation between plant and virus richness at each site”
Claim · model-written summary
Specialist host use by viruses tended to increase through seasons.
Verbatim
e1“Each of the 41-plant species examined was infected by at least one virus”
e6“the tendency for increased specialist host use through seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Specialist host use by OTUs was observed only in the crop.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Outcome
- specialist host use by OTUse7
- Setting
- only in Crope7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“melon,Cucumis melo”
e7“specialist host use by OTUs observed only in Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Most hosts showed no disease symptoms.
Verbatim
e1“Each of the 41-plant species examined was infected by at least one virus”
e0“most hosts showed no disease symptoms, suggesting non-antagonistic symbioses are common”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-antagonistic symbioses are common in these virus-host communities.
Verbatim
e1“Each of the 41-plant species examined was infected by at least one virus”
e0“most hosts showed no disease symptoms, suggesting non-antagonistic symbioses are common”