Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a crop widely cultivated in the state of São Paulo, and the sustainable management of nitrogen (N) nutrition is crucial to improving productivity and the environment, which calls for a reliable means of predicting potentially available soil N. A study was undertaken to evaluate and compare biological and chemical indices of potential N availability for a diverse set of 17 soils collected in the northwest region of São Paulo state. For this purpose, mineralization assays were performed at three distinct temperatures, and chemical assessments were carried out using the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test (ISNT) and by fractionation of hydrolysable soil N. In addition, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine dry matter and N accumulation in the aboveground parts of maize plants. Potentially available N estimated by the incubation methods increased with increasing temperature and was strongly correlated with N uptake (r = 0.90). Hydrolysable N fractions varied widely among the soils studied and were more variable for amino sugar N than for other fractions. Potentially available N estimated by the ISNT was highly correlated with hydrolysable amino acid N and amino sugar N (r = 0.95–0.96) and also with plant dry matter accumulation (r = 0.82) and N uptake (r = 0.93). The ISNT has potential to improve fertilizer N recommendations for maize production in Brazil, provided that the test values are interpreted relative to an appropriate calibration database, planting density, and other factors affecting crop N requirement.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Incubation-based potentially available N increased with temperature.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potentially available N estimated by the incubation methods increased with increasing temperature”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Incubation estimates of potentially available N correlated strongly with maize N uptake.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was strongly correlated with N uptake (r = 0.90)”
t0“Maize”
e1“Potentially available N estimated by the incubation methods increased with increasing temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrolysable N fractions varied widely among soils, especially amino sugar N.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydrolysable N fractions varied widely among the soils studied and were more variable for amino sugar N than for other fractions”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ISNT estimates correlated highly with hydrolysable amino acid N and amino sugar N.
- Outcome
- hydrolysable amino acid N and amino sugar Ne0
- Direction
- highly correlatede0
- Value
- r = 0.95–0.96e0
- Setting
- ISNTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potentially available N estimated by the ISNT was highly correlated with hydrolysable amino acid N and amino sugar N (r = 0.95–0.96)”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ISNT estimates correlated with maize dry matter accumulation.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant dry matter accumulation (r = 0.82)”
t0“Maize”
e1“was strongly correlated with N uptake (r = 0.90)”
e2“Potentially available N estimated by the ISNT was highly correlated with hydrolysable amino acid N and amino sugar N (r = 0.95–0.96)”
Claim · model-written summary
ISNT estimates correlated with maize N uptake.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N uptake (r = 0.93)”
t0“Maize”
e1“was strongly correlated with N uptake (r = 0.90)”
e2“Potentially available N estimated by the ISNT was highly correlated with hydrolysable amino acid N and amino sugar N (r = 0.95–0.96)”
Claim · model-written summary
The ISNT may improve maize fertilizer recommendations with suitable calibration and crop context.
- Outcome
- improve fertilizer N recommendationse0
- Qualifier
- provided that the test values are interpreted relative to an appropriate calibration database, planting density, and other factors affecting crop N requiremente0
- Setting
- Brazile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ISNT has potential to improve fertilizer N recommendations for maize production in Brazil, provided that the test values are interpreted relative to an appropriate calibration database, planting density, and other factors affecting crop N requirement”