Abstract
BACKGROUND: The North China Plain (NCP) faces a severe water shortage, and the amount of rainfall cannot guarantee the growth and development of winter wheat. Therefore, it is important to explore a suitable irrigation and planting pattern to solve the problem of water shortage in this region. RESULTS: A 4-year experiment was carried out in the NCP during 2015-2019. The main plots included two planting patterns: a wide-precision planting pattern (W) and a conventional planting pattern. Two irrigation regimes were established for each planting pattern: 60-mm irrigation at the jointing stage (I1) and 60-mm irrigation delayed 10 days at the jointing stage (I2). The soil water consumption, dry matter translocation, grain yield and crop water productivity were investigated. The results showed that WI2 treatment obtained the highest grain yield and crop water productivity. The wide-precision planting pattern could significantly decrease soil water consumption; however, delayed irrigation effectively reduced soil water consumption only in normal rainfall years. The coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting pattern significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation after flowering and the contribution of dry matter accumulation after flowering to grain yield during the growing seasons. WI2 could decrease the evapotranspiration and improve the grain yield, thus increasing crop water productivity. CONCLUSION: The combination of a wide-precision planting pattern and delayed irrigation at the jointing stage was the appropriate agronomic practice for efficient grain yield and crop water productivity in the North China Plain. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
WI2 had the highest grain yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- WI2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WI2 treatment obtained the highest grain yield and crop water productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
WI2 had the highest crop water productivity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- WI2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- crop water productivitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WI2 treatment obtained the highest grain yield and crop water productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide-precision planting significantly decreased soil water consumption.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- wide-precision planting patterne0
- Outcome
- soil water consumptione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The wide-precision planting pattern could significantly decrease soil water consumption”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed irrigation reduced soil water consumption only in normal rainfall years.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- delayed irrigatione0
- Outcome
- soil water consumptione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- only in normal rainfall yearse0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“delayed irrigation effectively reduced soil water consumption only in normal rainfall years”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined delayed irrigation and wide-precision planting enhanced post-flowering dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting patterne0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulation after floweringe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting pattern significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation after flowering and the contribution of dry matter accumulation after flowering to grain yield during the growing seasons”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined delayed irrigation and wide-precision planting enhanced the post-flowering dry matter contribution to grain yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting patterne0
- Outcome
- contribution of dry matter accumulation after flowering to grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting pattern significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation after flowering and the contribution of dry matter accumulation after flowering to grain yield during the growing seasons”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
WI2 decreased evapotranspiration.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- WI2e0
- Outcome
- evapotranspiratione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WI2 could decrease the evapotranspiration and improve the grain yield, thus increasing crop water productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
WI2 improved grain yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- WI2e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WI2 could decrease the evapotranspiration and improve the grain yield, thus increasing crop water productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
WI2 increasingd crop water productivity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- WI2e0
- Outcome
- crop water productivitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WI2 could decrease the evapotranspiration and improve the grain yield, thus increasing crop water productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend wide-precision planting with delayed jointing-stage irrigation for efficient yield and water productivity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- appropriate agronomic practice for efficient grain yield and crop water productivitye0
- Setting
- North China Plaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of a wide-precision planting pattern and delayed irrigation at the jointing stage was the appropriate agronomic practice for efficient grain yield and crop water productivity in the North China Plain”
t0“winter wheat”
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