Abstract
There is unprecedented interest in the biological and non-biological atmospheric nitrogen fixation via some elements e.g., titanium, nickel, vanadium .....etc to reduce the mineral N-fertilizers in the future, especially under salinity conditions. Also, it is known that synthetic nitrogen fertilization may increase the impurities in the sugar beet. So, A field trial ( as an exploratory experiment) was executed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to highlight the role of the Ti element in non-biological atmospheric nitrogen fixation and regulating sugar beet plant tolerance to salinity conditions ( soil EC value =6.25 dSm-1 & irrigation water EC value =4.86 dSm-1). Treatments were as follows; T1: Without Ti (0.0 mg L-1); T2: Adding Ti as foliar application (5.0 mg L-1); T3: Adding Ti as foliar application (10.0 mg L-1); T4: Adding Ti as foliar application (15.0 mg L-1); T5: Adding Ti as soil injection (5.0 mg L-1); T6: Adding Ti as soil injection (10.0 mg L-1); T7: Adding Ti as soil injection (15.0 mg L-1); T8: Combination of both methods (Soil + foliar) (5.0 mg L-1); T9: Combination of both methods (Soil + foliar) (10.0 mg L-1) and T10: Combination of both methods (Soil + foliar) (15.0 mg L-1). At the harvest stage, top &roots yield and juice quality were evaluated. The findings illustrate that the difference due to the studied treatments was significant, where the sequence order of the evaluated Ti treatments from the most effective to the less was as follows;T8>T2>T3>T9>T5> T6 >T1> T7>T4>T10. Through the statistical comparison among the studied treatments, it can be noticed that the combined addition method of Ti (foliar plus soil) was the most effective then foliar application method as alone followed by the soil injection method alone. Also, the best Ti rate was 5.0 mg L-1 under all studied application methods, but the performance decreased as the Ti rate increased and this may be due to Ti toxicity at high concentrations. Also, it can be noticed that the plant performance under the control treatment was better than that treated with 15.0 Ti mg L-1 under all studied application methods. Generally, a better understanding of titanium toxicity in plant tissues may promote risk assessment and safe use of it.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar beet treatments with titanium differed significantly in top and root yield and juice quality, ranked T8>T2>T3>T9>T5>T6>T1>T7>T4>T10 from most to least effective.
- Taxon
- Sugar Beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Ti treatmentse0
- Outcome
- from the most effective to the lesse0
- Direction
- from the most effective to the lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugar Beet”
e0“the sequence order of the evaluated Ti treatments from the most effective to the less was as follows;T8>T2>T3>T9>T5> T6 >T1> T7>T4>T10”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil plus foliar titanium was the most effective application method, then foliar application alone, then soil injection alone.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- combined addition method of Ti (foliar plus soil)e0
- Outcome
- most effectivee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Comparator
- foliar application method as alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugar Beet”
e0“the combined addition method of Ti (foliar plus soil) was the most effective then foliar application method as alone followed by the soil injection method alone”
Claim · model-written summary
The best titanium rate was 5.0 mg L-1 under all application methods.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Ti ratee0
- Outcome
- best Ti ratee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 5.0 mg L-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugar Beet”
e0“the best Ti rate was 5.0 mg L-1 under all studied application methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant performance decreased as the titanium rate increased.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Ti ratee0
- Outcome
- performancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugar Beet”
e0“the performance decreased as the Ti rate increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest the performance decrease at high titanium rates may be due to titanium toxicity at high concentrations.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- performance decreasede0
- Qualifier
- Ti toxicity at high concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugar Beet”
e0“the performance decreased as the Ti rate increased and this may be due to Ti toxicity at high concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants under the control treatment performed better than plants treated with 15.0 mg L-1 titanium under all application methods.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 15.0 Ti mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- plant performancee0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugar Beet”
e0“the plant performance under the control treatment was better than that treated with 15.0 Ti mg L-1 under all studied application methods”