Abstract
European apple canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima , is a damaging disease of apple in many production regions worldwide. The pathogen infects apple trees through artificial or natural wounds. The most damaging phase of the disease is that cankers on main stems post-planting, most likely originating from infection in nurseries, can result in tree death in young orchards. Apple cultivars differ in their responses to the pathogen, which may be additionally affected by specific site factors. An experiment was conducted to study i) the susceptibility of seven cultivars to N. ditissima at three sites and ii) the effects of cold storage duration prior to planting on subsequent development of both main stem and peripheral cankers. Planting date had significant (albeit minimal effects) on the development of peripheral cankers only. Canker development differed greatly among the three sites and between the tested cultivars, with ‘Grenadier’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ being most resistant at all sites. The relative performance of cultivars in terms of canker development was generally consistent across the three sites. Nevertheless, the interaction between cultivar and site was still statistically significant for the development of main stem cankers, indicating that some site-specific factors may interact with cultivars to affect development of latent infections. Given the close proximity of the three sites (similar climatic conditions), the results indicate that further research is needed to investigate the effects of soil characteristics on canker development post-planting.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date had a significant but minimal effect on peripheral canker development.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae1 - Treatment
- Planting datee0
- Outcome
- development of peripheral cankerse0
Not reportedInteractorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting date had significant (albeit minimal effects) on the development of peripheral cankers only”
e1“disease of apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Canker development differed greatly across sites and cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Interactor
- Neonectria ditissima
Neonectria ditissimae2pathogen - Outcome
- Canker developmente0
- Direction
- differed greatlye0
- Setting
- three sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Canker development differed greatly among the three sites and between the tested cultivars”
e1“disease of apple”
e2“Neonectria ditissima”
Claim · model-written summary
Grenadier and Golden Delicious were most resistant at all sites.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Material
- ‘Grenadier’ and ‘Golden Delicious’e0
- Interactor
- Neonectria ditissimaNeonectria ditissimae2pathogen
- Outcome
- most resistante0
- Setting
- all sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Grenadier’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ being most resistant at all sites”
e1“disease of apple”
e2“Neonectria ditissima”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar ranking for canker development was generally consistent across sites.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- relative performance of cultivars in terms of canker developmente0
- Setting
- three sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relative performance of cultivars in terms of canker development was generally consistent across the three sites”
e1“disease of apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar by site interaction for main stem cankers was significant.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- development of main stem cankerse0
- Setting
- sitee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction between cultivar and site was still statistically significant for the development of main stem cankers”
e1“disease of apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors call for more study of soil characteristics in post-planting canker development.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- investigate the effects of soil characteristics on canker development post-plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“further research is needed to investigate the effects of soil characteristics on canker development post-planting”
e1“disease of apple”