Abstract
Abstract Introduction. A combination of fungal diseases and drought can cause significant yield losses of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It is known that alien traits introduced through wide hybridisation into wheat genome contribute to breeding of cultivars with a higher yield potential in arid environments. Aim. The impact of alien genes of resistance to widespread diseases and morphological characters on the main agronomic traits in the arid environments of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine was analysed. Methods. The lines were grown in a control nursery designed in 5 and 10 m2 plots on the black earth area in the 2019–2021 vegetative periods consecutively under the arid system without irrigation. The plant material included 153 experimental wheat lines of different origin with six check cultivars for the arid climate zone of Ukraine. The data on eight agronomic (quantitative scores) and six plant pathological (point scores) traits were collected and subjected to statistical analysis to comprehend the contribution of the diversity and connections between the characters. Results. Due to the successful introgression of alien genes from all sources involved in hybridisation, the majority of lines were resistant to one of the rust species. The lines derived from the sample containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. in the pedigree were resistant to all rust species. The lines containing the alien genes Lr42 and Hs showed a higher yield than the recurrent cultivar and standard ones. There was a negative correlation between the protein content and grain yield in 2020 (r = −0.40***). A weak positive correlation was found between the yield and resistance to yellow rust (Rsp = 0.19* in 2019 and Rsp = 0.26*** in 2020) or tolerance to Septoria leaf blotch (Rsp = 0.14 in 2019 and Rsp = 0.27*** in 2020). Under drought conditions, the yield reduced by 32.5% in 2020 and by 70% in 2021. The drought resistance index directly correlated with the yield in the dry conditions of 2020 (r = 0.69***), and also was inversely proportional to the yield values (r = −0.26**) obtained in favorable conditions. Conclusions. The studied experimental lines have a potential for use in the wheat improvement programs for resistance to the diseases in Southern Ukraine. For further breeding, eighteen lines with a high weight of 1000 kernels, protein content, and yield, and resistance to drought or disease were identified, and four promising drought-tolerant lines have been selected.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Most introgression lines resisted one rust species.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- linese0
- Interactor
- rust speciese0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistant to one of the rust speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Due to the successful introgression of alien genes from all sources involved in hybridisation, the majority of lines were resistant to one of the rust species.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Lines with 1BL.1RS and Triticum timopheevii pedigree resisted all rust species.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- linese0
- Interactor
- rust speciese0pathogen
- Gene
- 1BL.1RSe0
- Outcome
- resistant to all rust speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lines derived from the sample containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. in the pedigree were resistant to all rust species.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Lines with Lr42 and Hs yielded more than recurrent and standard cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- linese0
- Gene
- Lr42 and Hse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- the recurrent cultivar and standard onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lines containing the alien genes Lr42 and Hs showed a higher yield than the recurrent cultivar and standard ones.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content and grain yield were negatively correlated in 2020.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- protein contente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Value
- r = −0.40***e0
- Qualifier
- in 2020e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a negative correlation between the protein content and grain yield in 2020 (r = −0.40***).”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield was weakly positively correlated with yellow rust resistance in 2019.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- yellow ruste0pathogen
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- Rsp = 0.19*e0
- Qualifier
- in 2019e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A weak positive correlation was found between the yield and resistance to yellow rust (Rsp = 0.19* in 2019 and Rsp = 0.26*** in 2020)”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield was weakly positively correlated with yellow rust resistance in 2020.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- yellow ruste0pathogen
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- Rsp = 0.26***e0
- Qualifier
- in 2020e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A weak positive correlation was found between the yield and resistance to yellow rust (Rsp = 0.19* in 2019 and Rsp = 0.26*** in 2020)”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and Septoria leaf blotch tolerance were positively correlated in 2019.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Septoria leaf blotche0pathogen
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- positivee1
- Value
- Rsp = 0.14e0
- Qualifier
- in 2019e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance to Septoria leaf blotch (Rsp = 0.14 in 2019 and Rsp = 0.27*** in 2020)”
e1“A weak positive correlation was found between the yield and resistance to yellow rust”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and Septoria leaf blotch tolerance were positively correlated in 2020.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Septoria leaf blotche0pathogen
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- positivee1
- Value
- Rsp = 0.27***e0
- Qualifier
- in 2020e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tolerance to Septoria leaf blotch (Rsp = 0.14 in 2019 and Rsp = 0.27*** in 2020)”
e1“A weak positive correlation was found between the yield and resistance to yellow rust”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced wheat yield by 32.5% in 2020.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought conditionse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 32.5%e0
- Qualifier
- in 2020e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, the yield reduced by 32.5% in 2020 and by 70% in 2021.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced wheat yield by 70% in 2021.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought conditionse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Qualifier
- in 2021e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, the yield reduced by 32.5% in 2020 and by 70% in 2021.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought resistance index correlated positively with yield under dry 2020 conditions.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- directly correlatede0
- Value
- r = 0.69***e0
- Qualifier
- dry conditions of 2020e0
- Comparator
- drought resistance indexe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The drought resistance index directly correlated with the yield in the dry conditions of 2020 (r = 0.69***)”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought resistance index correlated inversely with yield under favorable conditions.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yield valuese0
- Direction
- inversely proportionale0
- Value
- r = −0.26**e0
- Qualifier
- favorable conditionse0
- Comparator
- drought resistance indexe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was inversely proportional to the yield values (r = −0.26**) obtained in favorable conditions.”
e1“The drought resistance index directly correlated with the yield”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Eighteen lines were identified for high kernel weight, protein and yield and drought or disease resistance.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- linese0
- Outcome
- high weight of 1000 kernels, protein content, and yield, and resistance to drought or diseasee0
- Value
- eighteene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For further breeding, eighteen lines with a high weight of 1000 kernels, protein content, and yield, and resistance to drought or disease were identified”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Four promising drought tolerant lines were selected.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- linese0
- Outcome
- drought-tolerant linese0
- Value
- foure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“four promising drought-tolerant lines have been selected.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the experimental lines could be used to improve disease resistance in southern Ukrainian wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- experimental linese0
- Outcome
- potential for use in the wheat improvement programs for resistance to the diseasese0
- Setting
- Southern Ukrainee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The studied experimental lines have a potential for use in the wheat improvement programs for resistance to the diseases in Southern Ukraine.”
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