Abstract
Mutation breeding has been widely used for the improvement of plant characters in various crops. It is a powerful and effective tool in the hands of plant breeders. In any mutation breeding program, selection of an effective and efficient mutagen is very essential to produce high frequency of desirable mutation. Groundnut (Arachis hypogia) var. VRI-2. was treated with different concentration of physical and chemical mutagen namely gamma rays 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 KR and Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). For inducing mutation various concentration of EMS such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 % for six hours were applied to 200 seed sample of each concentration and one respective control. The LD50 value was observed in 50% of gamma rays and 0.5 % of EMS. The morphological and yield characters were significantly reduced seed germination, seedling survival, days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant. The increasing doses/concentration of gamma rays and EMS decreased in phenotypic and yield characters in M1generation. The mutagenized populations showed significantly higher variability in the M2 generation. Mutant lines showing higher yield per plant than the respective parents and checks were isolated in M2 and subsequent generation were significantly more pod yield and yield components than the untreated plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma rays had an LD50 at 50%.
- Taxon
- Groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- gamma rayse0
- Outcome
- LD50 valuee0
- Value
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LD50 value was observed in 50% of gamma rays and 0.5 % of EMS”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
EMS had an LD50 at 0.5 %.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- EMSe0
- Outcome
- LD50 valuee0
- Value
- 0.5 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LD50 value was observed in 50% of gamma rays and 0.5 % of EMS”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutagens significantly reduced germination and seedling survival.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- seed germination, seedling survivale0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The morphological and yield characters were significantly reduced seed germination, seedling survival, days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutagens significantly reduced flowering time, height and leaf number.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plante0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The morphological and yield characters were significantly reduced seed germination, seedling survival, days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutagens significantly reduced grain and biomass yield components.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plante0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The morphological and yield characters were significantly reduced seed germination, seedling survival, days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing gamma-ray doses decreased M1 phenotypic and yield traits.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- increasing doses/concentration of gamma rayse0
- Outcome
- phenotypic and yield characterse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increasing doses/concentration of gamma rays and EMS decreased in phenotypic and yield characters in M1generation”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing EMS concentrations decreased M1 phenotypic and yield traits.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- EMSe0
- Outcome
- phenotypic and yield characterse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increasing doses/concentration of gamma rays and EMS decreased in phenotypic and yield characters in M1generation”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutagenized M2 populations showed significantly higher variability.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- mutagenized populationse0
- Outcome
- variabilitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mutagenized populations showed significantly higher variability in the M2 generation”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutant lines with higher yield than parents and checks were isolated in M2.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Mutant linese0
- Outcome
- yield per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- respective parents and checkse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutant lines showing higher yield per plant than the respective parents and checks were isolated in M2”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected subsequent generations had significantly higher pod yield and yield components than untreated plants.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- pod yield and yield componentse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subsequent generation were significantly more pod yield and yield components than the untreated plants”
t0“Groundnut”
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