Abstract
Abstract Row establishment is important to mitigate competition with maize ( Zea mays L.) seedlings in a kura clover ( Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.) living mulch (KCLM). This study investigated the effect of row‐establishment and fertilizer nitrogen (N) rate on maize yield and N uptake in a KCLM system in Arlington, WI, and Rosemount, MN, during the 2021 growing season. Row establishment treatments included rotary zone tillage (RZT), shank strip‐tillage (ST), and banded herbicides (BH), each evaluated at six N rates from 0 to 225 kg N ha −1 . Extended periods of moderate and severe drought were experienced during the study period. The Arlington and Rosemount sites received 64 and 63% of the normal precipitation between 20 Apr. and 31 Oct. 2021, but poor distribution and higher temperatures at Rosemount elevated drought severity indices at that site. Grain yields at Rosemount were 3.6 Mg ha −1 , whereas Arlington produced yields that matched expectations for the area (10 Mg ha −1 ). Row establishment affected maize grain yield differentially at each site, where, under severe drought conditions, BH maximized maize yield, whereas under moderate drought conditions, the higher level of tillage (RZT) maximized maize yield. These responses are most likely attributed to reduced moisture loss in the row‐zone of the BH treatment and the greater level of clover suppression in the RZT treatment and their interactions with specific weather conditions at the research sites. Results from this study indicate that row establishment methods in a KCLM cropping system should be considered with spring environmental conditions and the expected weather outlook.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield at Rosemount was 3.6 Mg ha −1.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields at Rosemount were 3.6 Mg ha −1”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield at Arlington was 10 Mg ha −1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arlington produced yields that matched expectations for the area (10 Mg ha −1 )”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Banded herbicides maximized maize yield under severe drought.
- Treatment
- BHe0
- Interactor
- kura clovert0weed
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- maximizede0
- Qualifier
- severe drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under severe drought conditions, BH maximized maize yield”
t0“Maize performance in a kura clover living mulch”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotary zone tillage maximized maize yield under moderate drought.
- Treatment
- RZTe0
- Interactor
- kura clovert0weed
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- maximizede0
- Qualifier
- moderate drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under moderate drought conditions, the higher level of tillage (RZT) maximized maize yield”
t0“Maize performance in a kura clover living mulch”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend choosing living-mulch row establishment methods with spring conditions and weather outlook in mind.
- Outcome
- row establishment methods in a KCLM cropping system should be considered with spring environmental conditions and the expected weather outlooke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results from this study indicate that row establishment methods in a KCLM cropping system should be considered with spring environmental conditions and the expected weather outlook.”
t0“Maize”
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