Abstract
Abstract Background Boron (B) deficiency is an important factor for poor seed cotton yield and fiber quality. However, it is often missing in the plant nutrition program, particularly in developing countries. The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars. The experimental plan consisted of twelve treatments: Control (CK); B at 1 mg·kg −1 soil application (SB1); 2 mg·kg −1 B (SB2); 3 mg·kg −1 B (SB3); 0.2% B foliar spray (FB1); 0.4% B foliar spray (FB2); 1 mg·kg −1 B + 0.2% B foliar spray (SB1 + FB1); 1 mg·kg −1 B + 0.4% B foliar spray (SB1 + FB2); 2 mg·kg −1 B + 0.2% B foliar spray (SB2 + FB1); 2 mg·kg −1 B + 0.4% B foliar spray (SB2 + FB2); 3 mg·kg −1 B + 0.2% B foliar spray (SB3 + FB1); 3 mg·kg −1 B + 0.4% B foliar spray (SB3 + FB2). Each treatment has three replications, one pot having two plants per replication. Results B nutrition at all levels and methods of application significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) affected the growth, physiological, yield, and fiber quality characteristics of both cotton cultivars. However, SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray showed superiority over others, particularly in the non-Bt cultivar which responded better to B nutrition. Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK. In Bt cultivar, although no consistent trend was found but integrated use of SB3 with foliar spray performed relatively better for improving cotton growth compared with other treatments. Fiber quality characteristics in both cultivars were improved markedly but variably with different B treatments. Conclusion B nutrition with SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray was found optimum for improving cotton's growth and yield characteristics.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Boron nutrition at all levels and methods of application significantly affected growth, physiological, yield and fibre quality traits of both cotton cultivars.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Material
- Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124)e1
- Treatment
- B nutrition at all levels and methods of applicatione3
- Outcome
- growth, physiological, yield, and fiber quality characteristicse3
- Comparator
- Control (CK)e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e2“The experimental plan consisted of twelve treatments: Control (CK); B at 1 mg·kg −1 soil application (SB1); 2 mg·kg −1 B (SB2)”
e3“B nutrition at all levels and methods of application significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) affected the growth, physiological, yield, and fiber quality characteristics of both cotton cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 alone or with foliar spray showed superiority over other treatments, particularly in the non-Bt cultivar.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare4
- Treatment
- SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spraye4
- Outcome
- superioritye4
- Direction
- superioritye4
- Comparator
- otherse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e4“However, SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray showed superiority over others, particularly in the non-Bt cultivar which responded better to B nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 gave a maximum 345% improvement in monopodial branches in the non-Bt cultivar compared with control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare5
- Treatment
- SB2e5
- Outcome
- monopodial branchese5
- Direction
- improvemente5
- Value
- 345%e5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e5“Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 gave a maximum 143% improvement in sympodial branches in the non-Bt cultivar compared with control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare5
- Treatment
- SB2e5
- Outcome
- sympodial branchese5
- Direction
- improvemente5
- Value
- 143%e5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e5“Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 gave a maximum 177% improvement in chlorophyll-a in the non-Bt cultivar compared with control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare5
- Treatment
- SB2e5
- Outcome
- chlorophyll-ae5
- Direction
- improvemente5
- Value
- 177%e5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e5“Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 gave a maximum 194% improvement in chlorophyll-b in the non-Bt cultivar compared with control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare5
- Treatment
- SB2e5
- Outcome
- chlorophyll-be5
- Direction
- improvemente5
- Value
- 194%e5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e5“Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 gave a maximum 169% improvement in photosynthesis in the non-Bt cultivar compared with control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare5
- Treatment
- SB2e5
- Outcome
- photosynthesise5
- Direction
- improvemente5
- Value
- 169%e5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e5“Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
SB2 gave a maximum 579% improvement in ginning out turn in the non-Bt cultivar compared with control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- non-Bt cultivare5
- Treatment
- SB2e5
- Outcome
- ginning out turne5
- Direction
- improvemente5
- Value
- 579%e5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e5“Maximum improvement in monopodial branches (345%), sympodial branches (143%), chlorophyll-a (177%), chlorophyll-b (194%), photosynthesis (169%), and ginning out turn (579%) in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Bt cultivar, integrated SB3 with foliar spray performed relatively better for cotton growth than other treatments, with no consistent trend.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- Bt cultivare6
- Treatment
- integrated use of SB3 with foliar spraye6
- Outcome
- cotton growthe6
- Direction
- performed relatively bettere6
- Qualifier
- although no consistent trend was founde6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e6“In Bt cultivar, although no consistent trend was found but integrated use of SB3 with foliar spray performed relatively better for improving cotton growth compared with other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron treatments markedly but variably improved fibre quality characteristics in both cotton cultivars.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Material
- both cultivarse7
- Treatment
- different B treatmentse7
- Outcome
- Fiber quality characteristicse7
- Direction
- improved markedlye7
- Qualifier
- variablye7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e7“Fiber quality characteristics in both cultivars were improved markedly but variably with different B treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
B nutrition with SB2, alone or with foliar spray, is recommended for improving cotton growth and yield characteristics.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- B nutrition with SB2e2
- Outcome
- growth and yield characteristicse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The current study investigated B's effect on growth, yield, and fiber quality of Bt (CIM-663) and non-Bt (Cyto-124) cotton cultivars”
e2“B nutrition with SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray was found optimum for improving cotton's growth and yield characteristics”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
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See all 14 papers →application · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
95 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
111 papers more in this group
See all 115 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.