Abstract
Wild plants were collected in and around vineyards along the Napa River in California. Leaf and stem samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Pierce9s disease bacterium. Positive reactions were obtained for Paspalum dilatatum, Conium maculatum, and Cyperus eragrostis collected from areas with high Pierce9s disease incidence in the adjacent grapevines. No positive reaction was obtained with any plant from areas without Pierce9s disease in nearby grapevines. Electron microscopy or light microscopy detected bacteria with rippled cell walls in infected P. dilatatum and C. maculatum. A gram-negative catalase-positive bacterium was isolated from P. dilatatum collected along the Napa River but not from others that were ELISA-negative. When infected and uninfected plants of P. dilatatum were transferred and held in pots in the greenhouse, the infected ones became stunted and fruitless, in contrast to uninfected plants, which developed into fruit-bearing plants about 60 dm tall. The bacteria isolated from P. dilatatum (PS-NA-1) are serologically the same as Pierce9s disease bacterium isolated from grapes. The bacteria from Paspalum produced typical Pierce9s disease symptoms in Mission grapes that were inoculated by needle injection but not in uninoculated ones. The same bacterium was isolated from the symptomatic grape leaves.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Paspalum dilatatum from areas of high adjacent grapevine disease incidence reacted positively in the bacterial assay.
- Taxon
- Paspalum dilatatum
_Paspalum_dilatatum_inflorescences.jpg?width=60)
Paspalum dilatatume0 - Interactor
- Pierce9s diseasee0pathogen
- Outcome
- Positive reactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Paspalum_dilatatum_inflorescences.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Positive reactions were obtained for Paspalum dilatatum, Conium maculatum, and Cyperus eragrostis collected from areas with high Pierce9s disease incidence in the adjacent grapevines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Conium maculatum from areas of high adjacent grapevine disease incidence reacted positively.
- Taxon
- Conium maculatum
Conium maculatume0 - Outcome
- Positive reactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Positive reactions were obtained for Paspalum dilatatum, Conium maculatum, and Cyperus eragrostis collected from areas with high Pierce9s disease incidence in the adjacent grapevines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus eragrostis from areas of high adjacent grapevine disease incidence reacted positively.
- Taxon
- Cyperus eragrostis
Cyperus eragrostise0 - Outcome
- Positive reactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Positive reactions were obtained for Paspalum dilatatum, Conium maculatum, and Cyperus eragrostis collected from areas with high Pierce9s disease incidence in the adjacent grapevines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants collected where nearby grapevines lacked disease showed no positive assay reaction.
Verbatim
e0“No positive reaction was obtained with any plant from areas without Pierce9s disease in nearby grapevines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Microscopy detected rippled-cell-wall bacteria in infected P. dilatatum.
- Taxon
- P. dilatatumPaspalum dilatatume0
- Outcome
- bacteria with rippled cell wallse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electron microscopy or light microscopy detected bacteria with rippled cell walls in infected P. dilatatum and C. maculatum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Microscopy detected rippled-cell-wall bacteria in infected C. maculatum.
- Taxon
- C. maculatumConium maculatume0
- Outcome
- bacteria with rippled cell wallse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electron microscopy or light microscopy detected bacteria with rippled cell walls in infected P. dilatatum and C. maculatum.”
Claim · model-written summary
A gram-negative catalase-positive bacterium was isolated from P. dilatatum beside the Napa River, unlike ELISA-negative plants.
- Taxon
- P. dilatatumPaspalum dilatatume0
- Outcome
- gram-negative catalase-positive bacteriume0
- Setting
- Napa Rivere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A gram-negative catalase-positive bacterium was isolated from P. dilatatum collected along the Napa River but not from others that were ELISA-negative.”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected P. dilatatum became stunted and fruitless in greenhouse pots, unlike uninfected plants.
- Taxon
- P. dilatatumPaspalum dilatatume0
- Outcome
- stunted and fruitlesse0
- Direction
- in contrast toe0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When infected and uninfected plants of P. dilatatum were transferred and held in pots in the greenhouse, the infected ones became stunted and fruitless, in contrast to uninfected plants, which developed into fruit-bearing plants about 60 dm tall.”
Claim · model-written summary
Uninfected P. dilatatum developed into fruit-bearing plants about 60 dm tall.
- Taxon
- P. dilatatumPaspalum dilatatume0
- Outcome
- fruit-bearing plantse0
- Value
- 60 dme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When infected and uninfected plants of P. dilatatum were transferred and held in pots in the greenhouse, the infected ones became stunted and fruitless, in contrast to uninfected plants, which developed into fruit-bearing plants about 60 dm tall.”
Claim · model-written summary
The bacterium isolated from P. dilatatum was serologically the same as the Pierce disease bacterium from grapes.
- Taxon
- P. dilatatumPaspalum dilatatume0
- Outcome
- serologically the samee0
- Comparator
- Pierce9s disease bacteriume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bacteria isolated from P. dilatatum (PS-NA-1) are serologically the same as Pierce9s disease bacterium isolated from grapes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Needle inoculation of Mission grapes with bacteria from Paspalum produced typical Pierce disease symptoms, unlike uninoculated grapes.
- Taxon
- grapese0
- Material
- Missione0
- Treatment
- inoculated by needle injectione0
- Interactor
- bacteria from Paspalume0pathogen
- Outcome
- typical Pierce9s disease symptomse0
- Comparator
- uninoculated onese0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The bacteria from Paspalum produced typical Pierce9s disease symptoms in Mission grapes that were inoculated by needle injection but not in uninoculated ones.”
Claim · model-written summary
The same bacterium was recovered from symptomatic grape leaves.
Verbatim
e0“The same bacterium was isolated from the symptomatic grape leaves.”
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See all 67 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.