Abstract
Approximately 33% of the arable land around the world is vulnerable to drought, which is a very serious issue affecting the yield and productivity of cereal crops. Two contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes, HTT-138 (drought tolerant) and (HTT-39 droughtsensitive), under various levels of water treatments, i.e. control flooded (CF) as recommended for rice (control), control saturated (CS) 100% field capacity (FC), 80% FC, and 60% FC without or with foliar spray (100 mg L-1) of salicylic acid (SA) evaluated to enhance the yield for food security. The results showed that leaf gas exchange parameters, water use efficiency and water related parameters reduced under all levels of water deficient conditions. Drought stress increased oxidative stress (superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide) and decreased after foliar spray of SA due to enhancement in antioxidant activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase). Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA. HTT-138 showed more tolerance to the drought stress than HTT-39 under the same levels of water deficient conditions. Although drought-stress was ameliorated by the foliar spray of SA which not only increased plant growth, dry weight, and metabolism or metabolic activities but also increased the nutritional status of the plant by decreasing the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the membranous bounded organelles. In conclusion, the foliar spray of SA is useful to enhance plant growth and yield in cereal crops especially those grown in abiotic stress environments.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit reduced leaf gas exchange parameters, water use efficiency and water-related parameters in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- water deficient conditionse1
- Outcome
- leaf gas exchange parameters, water use efficiency and water related parameterse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“leaf gas exchange parameters, water use efficiency and water related parameters reduced under all levels of water deficient conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress increased oxidative stress (superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide) in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse1
- Outcome
- oxidative stresse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxidee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Drought stress increased oxidative stress (superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide) and decreased after foliar spray of SA due to enhancement in antioxidant activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA decreased oxidative stress in drought-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- oxidative stresse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Drought stress increased oxidative stress (superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide) and decreased after foliar spray of SA due to enhancement in antioxidant activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA enhanced antioxidant activity in drought-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
- Qualifier
- catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Drought stress increased oxidative stress (superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide) and decreased after foliar spray of SA due to enhancement in antioxidant activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress reduced ascorbic acid, total soluble protein and total soluble sugar in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugare1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress reduced total phenolics, proline and anthocyanin in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- total phenolics, proline, anthocyanine1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress reduced salicylic acid and amylase activity in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- salicylic acid, and amylase activitye1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA increased ascorbic acid, total soluble protein and total soluble sugar in drought-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugare1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA increased total phenolics, proline and anthocyanin in drought-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- total phenolics, proline, anthocyanine1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA increased salicylic acid and amylase activity in drought-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- salicylic acid, and amylase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar, total phenolics, proline, anthocyanin, salicylic acid, and amylase activity were reduced under drought stress and increased after foliar spray of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
HTT-138 showed more tolerance to drought stress than HTT-39 under the same water deficient levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- HTT-138e1
- Treatment
- water deficient conditionse1
- Outcome
- tolerance to the drought stresse1
- Direction
- moree1
- Comparator
- HTT-39e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“HTT-138 showed more tolerance to the drought stress than HTT-39 under the same levels of water deficient conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA increased plant growth, dry weight and metabolism in drought-stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- plant growth, dry weight, and metabolism or metabolic activitiese1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Although drought-stress was ameliorated by the foliar spray of SA which not only increased plant growth, dry weight, and metabolism or metabolic activities but also increased the nutritional status of the plant by decreasing the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the membranous bounded organelles”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA decreased the concentration of reactive oxygen species in the membranous bounded organelles of rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of SAe1
- Outcome
- concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS)e1
- Direction
- decreasinge1
- Qualifier
- in the membranous bounded organellese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Although drought-stress was ameliorated by the foliar spray of SA which not only increased plant growth, dry weight, and metabolism or metabolic activities but also increased the nutritional status of the plant by decreasing the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the membranous bounded organelles”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray of SA is useful to enhance plant growth and yield in cereal crops, especially under abiotic stress.
Verbatim
e1“In conclusion, the foliar spray of SA is useful to enhance plant growth and yield in cereal crops especially those grown in abiotic stress environments”
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See all 9 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.