Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare, L.) is the fourth most important cereal crop in the world. Salinity decreases the productivity of plants grown under salinity conditions. It leads to deficiency and limited absorption of water and nutrients, ionic stress, oxidative stress, and osmotic imbalance. In saline soil, a field experiment was conducted to verify the effects of nine combinations among three levels of bio-fertilizers, i.e., control (without), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), as well as three levels of phosphorus fertilizer recommended dose (RDP) on barley yield, its components and nutrients uptake, to evaluate the useful influences of these combinations to improve P management under salinity stress related to yield and its components as well as N, P, and K uptake in barley. Findings revealed that the combination AMF + 100% RDP improved plant height, length of spike, spikes weight, number of spikes plant−1, weight of 1000-grain, straw yield, grain yield, uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in grain and uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in straw by 19.76, 33.21, 40.08, 33.76, 14.82, 24.95, 47.52, 104.54, 213.47, 168.24, 124.30, 183.59, and 160.84% in the first season, respectively. Meanwhile, the increase was 19.86, 29.73, 40.47, 39.94, 14.92, 24.95, 47.94, 104.73, 213.33, 168.64, 124.47, 183.86, and 161.09% in the second season, respectively. AMF showed greater efficiency and effectiveness compared to PSB in improving yield and its components for all studied traits. The results of principle component analysis indicated that all combinations except AMF + zero% RDP, PSB + zero% RDP, control + zero% RDP, and control + 66% RDP showed high scores on positive PC1, where all studied traits were high. Therefore, it is recommended to inoculate the soil with AMF or PSB with the addition of phosphate fertilizer at the recommended dose under salinity conditions, i.e., AMF + 100% RDP (T1) or AMF + 66% RDP (T2) or PSB + 100% RDP (T4). The use of bio-fertilizers has increased plant tolerance to salt stress, and this was evident from the increase in different traits with the use of treatments that include bio-fertilizers.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
AMF plus recommended phosphorus improved barley agronomic traits.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- AMF + 100% RDPe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant height, length of spike, spikes weight, number of spikes plant−1, weight of 1000-grain, straw yield, grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“combination AMF + 100% RDP improved plant height, length of spike, spikes weight, number of spikes plant−1, weight of 1000-grain, straw yield, grain yield”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF plus recommended phosphorus improved N, P and K uptake in grain and straw.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in grain and uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in strawe0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in grain and uptake of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in straw by 19.76, 33.21, 40.08, 33.76, 14.82, 24.95, 47.52, 104.54, 213.47, 168.24, 124.30, 183.59, and 160.84% in the first season”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF was more effective than PSB for studied yield traits.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMFe0
- Outcome
- yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF showed greater efficiency and effectiveness compared to PSB in improving yield and its components for all studied traits.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Most fertilizer combinations had high positive PC1 scores.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- scores on positive PC1e0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all combinations except AMF + zero% RDP, PSB + zero% RDP, control + zero% RDP, and control + 66% RDP showed high scores on positive PC1, where all studied traits were high.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend AMF or PSB with phosphate fertilizer in saline soil.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMF or PSBe0
- Outcome
- inoculate the soil with AMF or PSB with the addition of phosphate fertilizer at the recommended dosee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is recommended to inoculate the soil with AMF or PSB with the addition of phosphate fertilizer at the recommended dose under salinity conditions”
t0“Barley”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.