Abstract
To reduce the cost of intensive herbicide application and environment pollution and enhance biological effectiveness, effective multifunction adjuvants should be used. A field study was conducted in 2017–2019 in midwestern Poland in order to assess the effects of new adjuvant formulations on the activity of herbicides. Treatments included the herbicide nicosulfuron at recommended (40 g ha−1) and reduced rates (28 g ha−1) alone and with the addition of tested MSO 1, MSO 2, and MSO 3 (differing in the type and amount of surfactants), as well as standard (MSO 4 and NIS) adjuvants. Nicosulfuron was applied once during the 3–5 leaf stage of maize. Results indicate that nicosulfuron with the tested adjuvants provided satisfactory weed control equivalent to that provided by standard MSO 4 and better than that provided by NIS. Nicosulfuron applied with the tested adjuvants led to a similar grain yield of maize as that achieved with standard adjuvant treatments and much higher than that measured in untreated crops.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Tested adjuvants with nicosulfuron gave weed control equivalent to standard MSO 4.
- Treatment
- nicosulfuron with the tested adjuvantse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- standard MSO 4e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicate that nicosulfuron with the tested adjuvants provided satisfactory weed control equivalent to that provided by standard MSO 4 and better than that provided by NIS.”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested adjuvants with nicosulfuron gave better weed control than NIS.
- Treatment
- nicosulfuron with the tested adjuvantse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- NISe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicate that nicosulfuron with the tested adjuvants provided satisfactory weed control equivalent to that provided by standard MSO 4 and better than that provided by NIS.”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested adjuvants with nicosulfuron gave similar maize grain yield to standard adjuvant treatments.
- Treatment
- Nicosulfuron applied with the tested adjuvantse0
- Outcome
- grain yield of maizee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- standard adjuvant treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicosulfuron applied with the tested adjuvants led to a similar grain yield of maize as that achieved with standard adjuvant treatments and much higher than that measured in untreated crops.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested adjuvants with nicosulfuron gave much higher maize grain yield than untreated crops.
- Treatment
- Nicosulfuron applied with the tested adjuvantse0
- Outcome
- grain yield of maizee0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Comparator
- untreated cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nicosulfuron applied with the tested adjuvants led to a similar grain yield of maize as that achieved with standard adjuvant treatments and much higher than that measured in untreated crops.”
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