Paper · 1975 · Weed Science

Influence of Stage of Growth and Adjuvants on Fall Panicum Control in Corn with Cyanazine

A. D. Kern; W. F. Meggitt; Donald Penner

7
claims
12
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The response of corn ( Zea mays L.) and fall panicum ( Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.) to postemergence herbicide applications at three stages of growth was examined. Early postemergence application of cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/ha provided the best control with minimum crop injury and greatest corn yield. A reduction of 25% in corn yield resulted when fall panicum was removed by hand at the seven to eight-leaf stage as compared to removal of plants with two leaves. Various adjuvants increased cyanazine action on both fall panicum and corn in field and greenhouse experiments; however, field trials showed no differences in grain yield at harvest. In the greenhouse, less corn injury was observed with a vegetable oil additive than with other adjuvants.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early cyanazine at 3.4 kg/ha provided the best fall panicum control.

Treatment
cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/hae0
Interactor
fall panicumPanicum dichotomiflorumt0weed
Outcome
controle0
Direction
beste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Panicum dichotomiflorum
Panicum dichotomiflorum · InteractorAyotte, Gilles, 1948- · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early postemergence application of cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/ha provided the best control with minimum crop injury and greatest corn yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 167–377 · show in text ↑
t0

“Fall Panicum Control in Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–74 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early cyanazine caused minimum crop injury.

Treatment
cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/hae0
Outcome
crop injurye0
Direction
minimume0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early postemergence application of cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/ha provided the best control with minimum crop injury and greatest corn yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 167–377 · show in text ↑
t0

“Fall Panicum Control in Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–74 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early cyanazine gave the greatest corn yield.

Treatment
cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/hae0
Outcome
corn yielde0
Direction
greateste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early postemergence application of cyanazine 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- s -triazine-2-yl] amino]-2- methylpropionitrile at 3.4 kg/ha provided the best control with minimum crop injury and greatest corn yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 167–377 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Removing fall panicum at seven to eight leaves reduced corn yield 25% relative to removal at two leaves.

Treatment
fall panicum was removed by hand at the seven to eight-leaf stagee0
Interactor
fall panicumPanicum dichotomiflorume0weedt0
Outcome
corn yielde0
Direction
reductione0
Value
25%e0
Comparator
removal of plants with two leavese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Panicum dichotomiflorum
Panicum dichotomiflorum · InteractorAyotte, Gilles, 1948- · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A reduction of 25% in corn yield resulted when fall panicum was removed by hand at the seven to eight-leaf stage as compared to removal of plants with two leaves.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 378–540 · show in text ↑
t0

“Fall Panicum Control in Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–74 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adjuvants increased cyanazine action on fall panicum.

Treatment
Various adjuvantse0
Interactor
fall panicumPanicum dichotomiflorume0weedt0
Outcome
cyanazine action on both fall panicum and corne0
Direction
increasede0
Setting
field and greenhousee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Panicum dichotomiflorum
Panicum dichotomiflorum · InteractorAyotte, Gilles, 1948- · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Various adjuvants increased cyanazine action on both fall panicum and corn in field and greenhouse experiments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–651 · show in text ↑
t0

“Fall Panicum Control in Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–74 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adjuvants showed no grain yield differences at harvest in field trials.

Treatment
adjuvantst0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
no differencese0
Setting
field trialse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“field trials showed no differences in grain yield at harvest”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 662–722 · show in text ↑
t0

“Adjuvants on Fall Panicum Control in Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–74 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Vegetable oil caused less corn injury than other adjuvants in the greenhouse.

Treatment
vegetable oil additivee0
Outcome
corn injurye0
Direction
lesse0
Comparator
other adjuvantse0
Setting
greenhousee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the greenhouse, less corn injury was observed with a vegetable oil additive than with other adjuvants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 724–829 · show in text ↑

cyanazine · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

cyanazine · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 5 positive, 3 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

adjuvant · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 10 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

cyanazine · Panicum dichotomiflorum · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

primary amino group · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.