Abstract
The essential oils (EOs) of Guatteria schomburgkiana (Gsch) and Xylopia frutescens (Xfru) (Annonaceae) were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Herbicide activity was measured by analyzing the seed germination percentage and root and hypocotyl elongation of two invasive species: Mimosa pudica and Senna obtusifolia. The highest yield was obtained for the EO of Xfru (1.06%). The chemical composition of Gsch was characterized by the presence of the oxygenated sesquiterpenes spathulenol (22.40%) and caryophyllene oxide (14.70%). Regarding the EO of Xfru, the hydrocarbon monoterpenes α-pinene (35.73%) and β-pinene (18.90%) were the components identified with the highest concentrations. The germination of seeds of S. obtusifolia (13.33 ± 5.77%) showed higher resistance than that of seeds of M. pudica (86.67 ± 5.77%). S. obtusifolia was also more sensitive to the EO of Xfru in terms of radicle (55.22 ± 2.72%) and hypocotyl (71.12 ± 3.80%) elongation, while M. pudica showed greater sensitivity to the EO of Gsch. To screen the herbicidal activity, the molecular docking study of the major and potent compounds was performed against 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) protein. Results showed good binding affinities and attributed the strongest inhibitory activity to δ-cadinene for the target protein. This work contributes to the study of the herbicidal properties of the EOs of species of Annonaceae from the Amazon region.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Xylopia frutescens oil had the highest yield, 1.06%.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield was obtained for the EO of Xfru (1.06%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Guatteria schomburgkiana oil contained spathulenol at 22.40%.
Verbatim
e0“The chemical composition of Gsch was characterized by the presence of the oxygenated sesquiterpenes spathulenol (22.40%) and caryophyllene oxide (14.70%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Guatteria schomburgkiana oil contained caryophyllene oxide at 14.70%.
Verbatim
e0“The chemical composition of Gsch was characterized by the presence of the oxygenated sesquiterpenes spathulenol (22.40%) and caryophyllene oxide (14.70%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Xylopia frutescens oil contained α-pinene at 35.73%.
Verbatim
e0“Regarding the EO of Xfru, the hydrocarbon monoterpenes α-pinene (35.73%) and β-pinene (18.90%) were the components identified with the highest concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Xylopia frutescens oil contained β-pinene at 18.90%.
Verbatim
e0“Regarding the EO of Xfru, the hydrocarbon monoterpenes α-pinene (35.73%) and β-pinene (18.90%) were the components identified with the highest concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Senna obtusifolia seed germination was more resistant than Mimosa pudica seed germination.
- Taxon
- S. obtusifolia
Senna obtusifoliae0 - Outcome
- germination of seedse0
- Direction
- higher resistancee0
- Value
- 13.33 ± 5.77%e0
- Qualifier
- 86.67 ± 5.77%e0
- Comparator
- M. pudicae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination of seeds of S. obtusifolia (13.33 ± 5.77%) showed higher resistance than that of seeds of M. pudica (86.67 ± 5.77%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Senna obtusifolia radicle elongation was more sensitive to Xylopia frutescens oil.
- Taxon
- S. obtusifoliaSenna obtusifoliae0
- Treatment
- EO of Xfrue0
- Interactor
- Xfrue0other
- Outcome
- radiclee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Value
- 55.22 ± 2.72%e0
- Comparator
- M. pudicae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. obtusifolia was also more sensitive to the EO of Xfru in terms of radicle (55.22 ± 2.72%) and hypocotyl (71.12 ± 3.80%) elongation, while M. pudica showed greater sensitivity to the EO of Gsch.”
Claim · model-written summary
Senna obtusifolia hypocotyl elongation was more sensitive to Xylopia frutescens oil.
- Taxon
- S. obtusifoliaSenna obtusifoliae0
- Treatment
- EO of Xfrue0
- Interactor
- Xfrue0other
- Outcome
- hypocotyle0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Value
- 71.12 ± 3.80%e0
- Comparator
- M. pudicae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. obtusifolia was also more sensitive to the EO of Xfru in terms of radicle (55.22 ± 2.72%) and hypocotyl (71.12 ± 3.80%) elongation, while M. pudica showed greater sensitivity to the EO of Gsch.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mimosa pudica showed greater sensitivity to Guatteria schomburgkiana oil.
- Taxon
- M. pudica
Mimosa pudicae0 - Treatment
- EO of Gsche0
- Interactor
- Gsche0other
- Outcome
- sensitivitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while M. pudica showed greater sensitivity to the EO of Gsch.”
Claim · model-written summary
Docking attributed strongest HPPD inhibition to δ-cadinene.
Not reportedTaxonGene
Verbatim
e0“Results showed good binding affinities and attributed the strongest inhibitory activity to δ-cadinene for the target protein.”