Abstract
Legumes have a high demand for phosphorus (P) but also have effective physiological and morphological strategies of P mobilisation. In order to evaluate the inter- and intraspecific P efficiency of small-grain legumes under contrasting long-term P management, eight accessions each of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) were cultivated in two consecutive growing periods from 2020 to 2021 in a field trial established in 1998. Six treatments (no P, triple-superphosphate (TSP), biomass ash, cattle manure, biowaste compost, and biowaste compost + TSP) were considered as P sources. While the yield clearly varied between both growing seasons, the differences between alfalfa and red clover were relatively small (4.7 vs. 4.9 Mg ha−1 in 2020 and 12.0 vs. 10.5 Mg ha−1 in 2021, p < 0.05). Even after more than 20 years of P management, crop yields were hardly affected by mineral P sources (TSP and biomass ash) while organic fertilisers increased the yields and nutrient uptake of plants and also raised soil P pools and the activities of soil enzymes in comparison to the control. A relevant crop effect was only found for the nitrogen (N) leaching with higher mineral N contents in 60 to 90 cm soil depth measured for red clover compared to alfalfa (11.8 vs. 4.8 kg ha−1, p < 0.05). Our results emphasise the high P efficiency of small-grain legumes without pronounced inter- or intraspecific differences. The yield-enhancing effect of organic amendments was related to higher soil fertility rather than to P supply.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa yield was 4.7 Mg ha−1 in 2020 and 12.0 Mg ha−1 in 2021.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Outcome
- yielde1
- Value
- 4.7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alfalfa and red clover were relatively small (4.7 vs. 4.9 Mg ha−1 in 2020 and 12.0 vs. 10.5 Mg ha−1 in 2021, p < 0.05)”
e1“While the yield clearly varied between both growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover yield was 4.9 Mg ha−1 in 2020.
- Taxon
- red clover
Trifolium pratensee0 - Outcome
- yielde1
- Value
- 4.9 Mg ha−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alfalfa and red clover were relatively small (4.7 vs. 4.9 Mg ha−1 in 2020 and 12.0 vs. 10.5 Mg ha−1 in 2021, p < 0.05)”
e1“While the yield clearly varied between both growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral phosphorus sources hardly affected crop yields.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“crop yields were hardly affected by mineral P sources (TSP and biomass ash)”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers increased plant yields relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“organic fertilisers increased the yields and nutrient uptake of plants and also raised soil P pools and the activities of soil enzymes in comparison to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers increased plant nutrient uptake relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“organic fertilisers increased the yields and nutrient uptake of plants and also raised soil P pools and the activities of soil enzymes in comparison to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers raised soil phosphorus pools relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“organic fertilisers increased the yields and nutrient uptake of plants and also raised soil P pools and the activities of soil enzymes in comparison to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers raised soil enzyme activities relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“organic fertilisers increased the yields and nutrient uptake of plants and also raised soil P pools and the activities of soil enzymes in comparison to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover plots had higher mineral nitrogen in 60 to 90 cm soil depth than alfalfa plots.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee0
- Outcome
- mineral N contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 11.8e0
- Comparator
- alfalfae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher mineral N contents in 60 to 90 cm soil depth measured for red clover compared to alfalfa (11.8 vs. 4.8 kg ha−1, p < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendment yield gains were related to higher soil fertility.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The yield-enhancing effect of organic amendments was related to higher soil fertility rather than to P supply.”
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