Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a biological nitrification inhibitor on nitrous oxide emission and rice yield quality in paddy soils and its effects on denitrifying the bacteria of nosZ, nirK, and nirS types. Two treatments were performed: (1) using a local conventional fertilizer as the control CK; (2) using the partial application of a conventional fertilizer + biological nitrification inhibitor as SW. N2O emission was measured using gas chromatography; qPCR amplification was performed using primers for the targeted functional genes, nosZ, nirS, and nirK, and denitrifying functional gene abundance and denitrifying microbial community structure were analyzed using fluorescence quantification and high–throughput sequencing, respectively. The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment. Meanwhile, rice yield increased by 15.45% and related quality indexes were also improved. This can promote the reproduction of bacteria with the nosZ gene while inhibiting the growth of bacteria with nirS and nirK genes. The core bacteria, Nitrosospira, Rhodanobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Tardiphaga, Rhodopseudomonas, and Paracoccus, positively correlated with N2O emissions, while core bacteria Azospirillum, Burkholderia, and Mesorhizobium negatively correlated with N2O emissions. Therefore, the application of a biological nitrification inhibitor could be an effective measure to promote rice yield and quality, reduce N2O emissions, and affect key denitrifying bacteria.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Biological nitrification inhibitor reduced N2O emission by 41.83% relative to the normal fertilizer treatment in rice paddy soil.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Outcome
- N2Oe1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 41.83%e1
- Comparator
- normal fertilizer treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological nitrification inhibitor increased rice yield by 15.45%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Outcome
- rice yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 15.45%e2
- Comparator
- normal fertilizer treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e2“rice yield increased by 15.45%”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological nitrification inhibitor improved related rice quality indexes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Outcome
- related quality indexese3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Comparator
- normal fertilizer treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e3“related quality indexes were also improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological nitrification inhibitor can promote the reproduction of bacteria carrying the nosZ gene in paddy soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Gene
- nosZe4
- Outcome
- reproduction of bacteria with the nosZ genee4
- Direction
- promotee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e4“This can promote the reproduction of bacteria with the nosZ gene”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological nitrification inhibitor inhibited the growth of bacteria carrying nirS and nirK genes in paddy soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Gene
- nirS and nirKe5
- Outcome
- growth of bacteria with nirS and nirK genese5
- Direction
- inhibitinge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e5“while inhibiting the growth of bacteria with nirS and nirK genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrosospira, Rhodanobacter and Bradyrhizobium were positively correlated with N2O emissions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse6
- Direction
- positively correlatede6
- Qualifier
- Nitrosospira, Rhodanobacter, Bradyrhizobiume6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e6“Nitrosospira, Rhodanobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Tardiphaga, Rhodopseudomonas, and Paracoccus, positively correlated with N2O emissions”
Claim · model-written summary
Tardiphaga, Rhodopseudomonas and Paracoccus were positively correlated with N2O emissions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse6
- Direction
- positively correlatede6
- Qualifier
- Tardiphaga, Rhodopseudomonas, and Paracoccuse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e6“Nitrosospira, Rhodanobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Tardiphaga, Rhodopseudomonas, and Paracoccus, positively correlated with N2O emissions”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum, Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium were negatively correlated with N2O emissions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biological nitrification inhibitore1
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse7
- Direction
- negatively correlatede7
- Qualifier
- Azospirillum, Burkholderia, and Mesorhizobiume7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e1“The results reveal that the biological nitrification inhibitor resulted in a 41.83% reduction in N2O, relative to the normal fertilizer treatment”
e7“core bacteria Azospirillum, Burkholderia, and Mesorhizobium negatively correlated with N2O emissions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological nitrification inhibitor could be an effective measure to promote rice yield and quality.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- promote rice yield and qualitye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield quality in paddy soils”
e7“the application of a biological nitrification inhibitor could be an effective measure to promote rice yield and quality”
The same questions in other papers
nitrification inhibitor · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
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