Abstract
Ascochyta blight (AB) is a destructive disease of the field pea (Pisum sativum L.) caused by necrotrophic fungal pathogens known as the AB-disease complex. To identify resistant individuals to assist AB resistance breeding, low-cost, high throughput, and reliable protocols for AB screening are needed. We tested and optimized three protocols to determine the optimum type of pathogen inoculum, the optimal development stage for host inoculation, and the timing of inoculation for detached-leaf assays. We found that different plant development stages do not affect AB infection type on peas, but the timing of inoculation affects the infection type of detached leaves due to wound-induced host defense response. After screening nine pea cultivars, we discovered that cultivar Fallon was immune to A. pisi but not to A. pinodes or the mixture of the two species. Our findings suggest that AB screening can be done with any of the three protocols. A whole-plant inoculation assay is necessary for identifying resistance to stem/node infection. Pathogen inoculation must be completed within 1.5 h post-detachment to avoid false positives of resistance for detach-leaf assays. It is essential to use a purified single-species inoculum for resistant resource screenings to identify the host resistance to each single species.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Plant developmental stage did not affect Ascochyta blight infection type.
- Taxon
- peas
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- plant development stagese0
- Outcome
- AB infection typee0
- Direction
- do not affecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“different plant development stages do not affect AB infection type on peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation timing affected infection type in detached leaves.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- detached leavese0
- Treatment
- timing of inoculatione0
- Outcome
- infection type of detached leavese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the timing of inoculation affects the infection type of detached leaves due to wound-induced host defense response.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fallon was immune to A. pisi.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- Fallone0
- Interactor
- A. pisiAscochyta pisie0pathogen
- Outcome
- immune to A. pisie0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar Fallon was immune to A. pisi but not to A. pinodes or the mixture of the two species.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fallon was not immune to A. pinodes.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- Fallone0
- Interactor
- A. pinodes
Didymella pinodese0pathogen - Outcome
- not to A. pinodese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar Fallon was immune to A. pisi but not to A. pinodes or the mixture of the two species.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fallon was not immune to the two-species mixture.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Material
- Fallone0
- Outcome
- not to A. pinodes or the mixture of the two speciese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar Fallon was immune to A. pisi but not to A. pinodes or the mixture of the two species.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Any of the three protocols can be used for AB screening.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- AB screening can be done with any of the three protocolse0
- Value
- threee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our findings suggest that AB screening can be done with any of the three protocols.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-plant inoculation is necessary to identify resistance to stem and node infection.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- whole-plant inoculation assay is necessary for identifying resistance to stem/node infectione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A whole-plant inoculation assay is necessary for identifying resistance to stem/node infection.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
For detached-leaf assays, inoculation must occur within 1.5 hours after detachment.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- Pathogen inoculation must be completed within 1.5 h post-detachmente0
- Value
- 1.5 he0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pathogen inoculation must be completed within 1.5 h post-detachment to avoid false positives of resistance for detach-leaf assays.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Purified single-species inoculum is essential to screen resistance to individual species.
- Taxon
- field pea (Pisum sativum L.)Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- use a purified single-species inoculum for resistant resource screeningse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is essential to use a purified single-species inoculum for resistant resource screenings to identify the host resistance to each single species.”
t0“field pea (Pisum sativum L.)”