Paper · 2023 · International Journal of Environment and Climate Change

Impact of Sulphur and Boron Levels on Growth, Yield, and Economics of Summer Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

V. S. Aravind Raj; Victor Debbarma; K. Nikhitha

12
claims
24
verbatim quotes
1
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P). To determine the “Impact of sulphur and boron levels on growth, yield, and economics of summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.)”. To study treatments consisting of three Sulphur viz. 5, 10 and 15 kg/ha and three levels of Boron 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%. There were 10 treatments, each of which was replicated three times and laid out in a random block design. The results showed that treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm), number of branches/plants (8.80), plant dry weight (7.38 g), number of nodules/plant (7.40). Where as, maximum number of pods/plant (29.4), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.33), higher seed yield (1.21 t/ha), higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]. Similarly, maximum gross returns (82,022.00 INR/ha), higher net returns (53,522.30 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (1.88) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)] as compared to other treatments.

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Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 15 kg/ha sulphur plus 0.6% boron treatment gave the highest plant height, 47.5 cm.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
higheste0
Value
47.5 cme0
Comparator
all treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–688 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave the highest branches per plant, 8.80.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
number of branches/plantse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
8.80e0
Comparator
all treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm), number of branches/plants (8.80)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–722 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave the highest plant dry weight, 7.38 g.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
plant dry weighte0
Direction
higheste0
Value
7.38 ge0
Comparator
all treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm), number of branches/plants (8.80), plant dry weight (7.38 g)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–749 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave the highest nodules per plant, 7.40.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
number of nodules/plante0
Direction
higheste0
Value
7.40e0
Comparator
all treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm), number of branches/plants (8.80), plant dry weight (7.38 g), number of nodules/plant (7.40)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 559–781 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment produced the maximum pods per plant, 29.4.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
number of pods/plante0
Direction
maximume0
Value
29.4e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maximum number of pods/plant (29.4), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.33), higher seed yield (1.21 t/ha), higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 793–1024 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment produced the maximum seeds per pod, 10.33.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
number of seeds/pode0
Direction
maximume0
Value
10.33e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maximum number of pods/plant (29.4), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.33), higher seed yield (1.21 t/ha), higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 793–1024 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave higher seed yield, 1.21 t/ha.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
1.21 t/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“higher seed yield (1.21 t/ha), higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 867–1024 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave higher haulm yield, 2.81 t/ha.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
haulm yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
2.81 t/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 898–1024 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave a higher harvest index, 30.3%.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)e0
Outcome
harvest indexe0
Direction
highere0
Value
30.3 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 930–1024 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment reported with 0.2% boron gave maximum gross returns of 82,022.00 INR/ha.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)e0
Outcome
gross returnse0
Direction
maximume0
Value
82,022.00 INR/hae0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maximum gross returns (82,022.00 INR/ha), higher net returns (53,522.30 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (1.88) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)] as compared to other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1037–1255 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment reported with 0.2% boron gave higher net returns of 53,522.30 INR/ha.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)e0
Outcome
net returnse0
Direction
highere0
Value
53,522.30 INR/hae0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“higher net returns (53,522.30 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (1.88) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)] as compared to other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1079–1255 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment reported with 0.2% boron gave the highest benefit cost ratio, 1.88.

Taxon
Summer Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
Treatment
Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)e0
Outcome
benefit cost ratioe0
Direction
higheste0
Value
1.88e0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“highest benefit cost ratio (1.88) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)] as compared to other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1121–1255 · show in text ↑
t0

“Summer Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–87 · show in text ↑

boron atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

19 papers: 13 positive, 6 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

15 papers more in this group

See all 19 papers →

boron atom · symbiosis · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

sulfur atom · symbiosis · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

sulfur atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

18 papers: 18 positive, 0 negative or no effect

17 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

14 papers more in this group

See all 18 papers →

boron atom · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

31 papers: 31 positive, 0 negative or no effect

30 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

27 papers more in this group

See all 31 papers →

sulfur atom · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

36 papers: 36 positive, 0 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

32 papers more in this group

See all 36 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.