Abstract
Rapid and accurate soybean yield prediction at an on-farm scale is important for ensuring sustainable yield increases and contributing to food security maintenance in Nigeria. We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability from large-scale conducted trials in the savanna areas of Nigeria [i.e., the Sudan Savanna (SS), Northern Guinea Savanna (NGS), and Southern Guinea Savanna (SGS)]. Soybean yield results from the established trials managed by farmers with four treatments (i.e., the control without inoculation and P fertilizer, Rh inoculation, P fertilizer, and Rh + P combination treatments) were predicted using mapped soil properties and weather variables in ensemble machine-learning techniques, specifically the conditional inference regression random forest (RF) model. Using the IMPACT model, scenario analyses were employed to simulate long-term adoption impacts on national soybean trade and currency. Our study found that yields of the Rh + P combination were consistently higher than the control in the three agroecological zones. Average yield increases were 128%, 111%, and 162% higher in the Rh + P combination compared to the control treatment in the SS, NGS, and SGS agroecological zones, respectively. The NGS agroecological zone showed a higher yield than SS and SGS. The highest training coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.75) for yield prediction was from the NGS dataset, and the lowest coefficient (R 2 = 0.46) was from the SS samples. The results from the IMPACT model showed a reduction of 10% and 22% for the low (35% adoption scenario) and high (75% adoption scenario) soybean imports from 2029 in Nigeria, respectively. A significant reduction in soybean imports is feasible if the Rh + P inputs are large-scaled implemented at the on-farm field and massively adopted by farmers in Nigeria.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Rh + P combination yields were consistently higher than the control in the three agroecological zones.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Rh + P combinatione2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- three agroecological zonese2
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e2“Our study found that yields of the Rh + P combination were consistently higher than the control in the three agroecological zones”
Claim · model-written summary
The Rh + P combination increased soybean yield by 128% in the SS zone compared with the control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Rh + P combinatione3
- Outcome
- yield increasese3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 128%e3
- Comparator
- control treatmente3
- Setting
- SSe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e3“Average yield increases were 128%, 111%, and 162% higher in the Rh + P combination compared to the control treatment in the SS, NGS, and SGS agroecological zones, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The Rh + P combination increased soybean yield by 111% in the NGS zone compared with the control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Rh + P combinatione3
- Outcome
- yield increasese3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 111%e3
- Comparator
- control treatmente3
- Setting
- NGSe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e3“Average yield increases were 128%, 111%, and 162% higher in the Rh + P combination compared to the control treatment in the SS, NGS, and SGS agroecological zones, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The Rh + P combination increased soybean yield by 162% in the SGS zone compared with the control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Rh + P combinatione3
- Outcome
- yield increasese3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 162%e3
- Comparator
- control treatmente3
- Setting
- SGSe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e3“Average yield increases were 128%, 111%, and 162% higher in the Rh + P combination compared to the control treatment in the SS, NGS, and SGS agroecological zones, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The NGS zone had higher soybean yield than the SS and SGS zones.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- SS and SGSe4
- Setting
- NGS agroecological zonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e4“The NGS agroecological zone showed a higher yield than SS and SGS”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest training coefficient of determination for yield prediction, R2 = 0.75, came from the NGS dataset.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- training coefficient of determinatione5
- Value
- R 2 = 0.75e5
- Setting
- NGS datasete5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e5“The highest training coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.75) for yield prediction was from the NGS dataset, and the lowest coefficient (R 2 = 0.46) was from the SS samples”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest coefficient of determination for yield prediction, R2 = 0.46, came from the SS samples.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- lowest coefficiente5
- Value
- R 2 = 0.46e5
- Setting
- SS samplese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e5“The highest training coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.75) for yield prediction was from the NGS dataset, and the lowest coefficient (R 2 = 0.46) was from the SS samples”
Claim · model-written summary
The IMPACT model projected a 10% reduction in soybean imports from 2029 under the low 35% adoption scenario.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- low (35% adoption scenario)e6
- Outcome
- soybean importse6
- Direction
- reductione6
- Value
- 10%e6
- Qualifier
- from 2029e6
- Setting
- Nigeriae6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e6“The results from the IMPACT model showed a reduction of 10% and 22% for the low (35% adoption scenario) and high (75% adoption scenario) soybean imports from 2029 in Nigeria, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The IMPACT model projected a 22% reduction in soybean imports from 2029 under the high 75% adoption scenario.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- high (75% adoption scenario)e6
- Outcome
- soybean importse6
- Direction
- reductione6
- Value
- 22%e6
- Qualifier
- from 2029e6
- Setting
- Nigeriae6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e6“The results from the IMPACT model showed a reduction of 10% and 22% for the low (35% adoption scenario) and high (75% adoption scenario) soybean imports from 2029 in Nigeria, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
A significant reduction in soybean imports is feasible if Rh + P inputs are implemented at large scale and widely adopted, a recommendation for Nigeria.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- A significant reduction in soybean imports is feasiblee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We used multiple approaches to assess the benefits of rhizobium (Rh) inoculation and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soybean yield increase and profitability”
e7“A significant reduction in soybean imports is feasible if the Rh + P inputs are large-scaled implemented at the on-farm field and massively adopted by farmers in Nigeria”
The same questions in other papers
humidity · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.