Abstract
Composting, planting, and breeding waste for return to the field is the most crucial soil improvement method under the resource utilization of agricultural waste. However, how the vegetable yield and rhizosphere soil environment respond to different composts is still unknown. Therefore, eight formulations were designed for compost fermentation using agricultural waste [sheep manure (SM), tail vegetable (TV), cow manure (CM), mushroom residue (MR), and corn straw (CS)] without fertilizer (CK1) and local commercial organic fertilizer (CK2) as controls to study the yield and rhizosphere soil environment of greenhouse zucchini in response to different planting and breeding waste compost. Applying planting and breeding waste compost significantly increased the soil’s organic matter and nutrient content. It inhibited soil acidification, which T4 (SM:TV:CS = 6:3:1) and T7 (SM:TV:MR:CS = 6:2:1:1) treatments affected significantly. Compared to CK2 treatment, T4 and T7 treatments showed a greater increase, with a significant increase of 14.69% and 11.01%, respectively. Therefore, T4, T7, and two control treatments were selected for high-throughput sequencing based on yield performance. Compared with the CK1 treatment, although multiple applications of chemical fertilizers led to a decrease in bacterial and fungal richness, planting and breeding waste compost maintained bacterial diversity and enhanced fungal diversity. Compared to CK2, the relative abundance increased in T7-treated Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Lysobacter) and T4-treated Bacteroidetes (Flavobacterium) among bacteria. An increase in T4-treated Ascomycota (Zopfiella and Fusarium) and Basidiomycota among fungi and a decrease in T7-treated Mortierellomycota have been observed. Functional predictions of the bacterial Tax4Fun and fungal FUNGuild revealed that applying planting and breeding waste compost from the T4 treatment significantly increased the abundance of soil bacterial Metabolism of Cities, Genetic Information Processing, and Cellular Processes decreased the abundance of Pathotroph and Saprotroph-Symbiotroph fungi and increased the abundance of Saprotroph fungi. Overall, planting and breeding waste compost increased zucchini yield by improving soil fertility and microbial community structure. Among them, T4 treatment has the most significant effect, so T4 treatment can be selected as the optimized formulation of local commercial organic fertilizer. These findings have valuable implications for sustainable agricultural development.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Applying planting and breeding waste compost significantly increased soil organic matter and nutrient content.
- Taxon
- zucchini
Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2 - Treatment
- Applying planting and breeding waste composte1
- Outcome
- soil’s organic matter and nutrient contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Applying planting and breeding waste compost significantly increased the soil’s organic matter and nutrient content”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting and breeding waste compost inhibited soil acidification, significantly for the T4 and T7 treatments.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T4 (SM:TV:CS = 6:3:1) and T7 (SM:TV:MR:CS = 6:2:1:1)e1
- Outcome
- soil acidificatione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“It inhibited soil acidification, which T4 (SM:TV:CS = 6:3:1) and T7 (SM:TV:MR:CS = 6:2:1:1) treatments affected significantly”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T4 compost treatment showed a significant increase of 14.69% compared with CK2.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T4e1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 14.69%e1
- Comparator
- CK2 treatmente1
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to CK2 treatment, T4 and T7 treatments showed a greater increase, with a significant increase of 14.69% and 11.01%, respectively”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T7 compost treatment showed a significant increase of 11.01% compared with CK2.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T7e1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 11.01%e1
- Comparator
- CK2 treatmente1
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to CK2 treatment, T4 and T7 treatments showed a greater increase, with a significant increase of 14.69% and 11.01%, respectively”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated chemical fertilizer applications decreased bacterial and fungal richness compared with CK1.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- multiple applications of chemical fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- bacterial and fungal richnesse1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- CK1 treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared with the CK1 treatment, although multiple applications of chemical fertilizers led to a decrease in bacterial and fungal richness”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting and breeding waste compost maintained bacterial diversity compared with CK1.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- planting and breeding waste composte1
- Outcome
- bacterial diversitye1
- Direction
- maintainede1
- Comparator
- CK1 treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“planting and breeding waste compost maintained bacterial diversity and enhanced fungal diversity”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
e3“Compared with the CK1 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting and breeding waste compost enhanced fungal diversity compared with CK1.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- planting and breeding waste composte1
- Outcome
- fungal diversitye1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- CK1 treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“planting and breeding waste compost maintained bacterial diversity and enhanced fungal diversity”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
e3“Compared with the CK1 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The relative abundance of Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Lysobacter) increased in T7-treated zucchini soil compared with CK2.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T7e1
- Outcome
- Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Lysobacter)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- CK2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to CK2, the relative abundance increased in T7-treated Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Lysobacter)”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (Flavobacterium) increased in T4-treated zucchini soil compared with CK2.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T4e1
- Outcome
- Bacteroidetes (Flavobacterium)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- CK2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to CK2, the relative abundance increased in T7-treated Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Lysobacter) and T4-treated Bacteroidetes (Flavobacterium) among bacteria”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T4 treatment increased the relative abundance of fungal Ascomycota (Zopfiella and Fusarium) and Basidiomycota.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T4e1
- Outcome
- Ascomycota (Zopfiella and Fusarium) and Basidiomycotae1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“An increase in T4-treated Ascomycota (Zopfiella and Fusarium) and Basidiomycota among fungi”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T7 treatment decreased the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota fungi.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T7e1
- Outcome
- Mortierellomycotae1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a decrease in T7-treated Mortierellomycota have been observed”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T4 compost significantly increased the predicted abundance of soil bacterial Metabolism of Cities, Genetic Information Processing, and Cellular Processes.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- planting and breeding waste compost from the T4 treatmente1
- Outcome
- abundance of soil bacterial Metabolism of Cities, Genetic Information Processing, and Cellular Processese1
- Direction
- significantly increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“applying planting and breeding waste compost from the T4 treatment significantly increased the abundance of soil bacterial Metabolism of Cities, Genetic Information Processing, and Cellular Processes”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T4 compost decreased the predicted abundance of Pathotroph and Saprotroph-Symbiotroph fungi.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe3
- Treatment
- T4e1
- Outcome
- abundance of Pathotroph and Saprotroph-Symbiotroph fungie2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“applying planting and breeding waste compost from the T4 treatment”
e2“decreased the abundance of Pathotroph and Saprotroph-Symbiotroph fungi”
e3“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
The T4 compost increased the predicted abundance of Saprotroph fungi.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe3
- Treatment
- T4e1
- Outcome
- abundance of Saprotroph fungie2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“applying planting and breeding waste compost from the T4 treatment”
e2“increased the abundance of Saprotroph fungi”
e3“greenhouse zucchini”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting and breeding waste compost increased zucchini yield by improving soil fertility and microbial community structure.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe1
- Treatment
- planting and breeding waste composte1
- Outcome
- zucchini yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- by improving soil fertility and microbial community structuree1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Overall, planting and breeding waste compost increased zucchini yield by improving soil fertility and microbial community structure”
Claim · model-written summary
T4 treatment had the most significant effect and can be selected as the optimized formulation of local commercial organic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- zucchiniCucurbita pepo subsp. pepoe2
- Treatment
- T4 treatmente1
- Outcome
- optimized formulation of local commercial organic fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Among them, T4 treatment has the most significant effect, so T4 treatment can be selected as the optimized formulation of local commercial organic fertilizer”
e2“greenhouse zucchini”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · pest · Cucurbita pepoPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
fertilization · yield · Cucurbita pepoPositive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →fertilization · ecology: diversity · Cucurbita pepoResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
fertilization · nutrient: content · Cucurbita pepoResults agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.