Abstract
Abstract The study was conducted to investigate the in vitro gas production characteristics and methane (CH4) emission potential of indigenous legume fodder trees and shrubs (ILFTS). The most predominant 11 ILFTS species were selected, and leaves and fruit/pod samples were collected, oven dried, and ground. The potential leaf biomass yield (PBY), dry matter (DM), ether extract, digestible crude protein, carbohydrate (CHO), acid detergent lignin, ash, total phenol, condensed tannin, gross energy, digestible energy, metabolizable energy (ME), gas production characteristics, CH4 emissions, organic matter digestibility (OMD), and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) were determined. ANOVA and independent t test were used to examine variation among species in plants nature and between fruits and pods within agroecosystems, respectively. Correlation analysis was used to determine relationships among parameters. The study indicated that only DM and CHO showed substantial variation in nutritional quality parameters among trees, shrubs, and fruit/pods in the lowlands. Fruits/pods and trees displayed significant differences in gas production characteristics in the lowlands, unlike shrubs, which had non‐substantial variations. Moreover, the PBY, CH4 emission, OMD, and ME of ILFTS revealed substantial variation ( P < .05) with species and among trees, shrubs, and fruits/pods in both agroecosystems. Besides, CH4 production showed a positive significant correlation with gas volume and (b) substantiating the effect of rate and degree of fiber fermentation on CH4 emission. It was discovered that there was a positive significant correlation between the 6 and 24 h incubation period, (c) which substantiated the need for optimal microbial density and substrate for high rate constant gas production of b (c). In conclusion, ILFTS produce considerable biomass rich in nutrients but vary in the degradability of CHO with plant nature, species, and forage origin. This elicits differences in gas production characteristics and CH4 emission with in vitro fermentation, resulting in differences in the corresponding OMD, ME, and SCFA values.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter and carbohydrate varied substantially among trees, shrubs and fruits or pods in lowlands.
Verbatim
e0“only DM and CHO showed substantial variation in nutritional quality parameters among trees, shrubs, and fruit/pods in the lowlands”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruits and pods differed significantly in gas production in lowlands.
Verbatim
e0“Fruits/pods and trees displayed significant differences in gas production characteristics in the lowlands”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Trees differed significantly in gas production in lowlands.
Verbatim
e0“Fruits/pods and trees displayed significant differences in gas production characteristics in the lowlands”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Shrubs had no substantial variation in gas production in lowlands.
Verbatim
e0“unlike shrubs, which had non‐substantial variations”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Potential leaf biomass yield varied substantially by species and plant form.
Verbatim
e0“PBY, CH4 emission, OMD, and ME of ILFTS revealed substantial variation ( P < .05) with species and among trees, shrubs, and fruits/pods in both agroecosystems”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Methane emission varied substantially by species and plant form.
Verbatim
e0“PBY, CH4 emission, OMD, and ME of ILFTS revealed substantial variation ( P < .05) with species and among trees, shrubs, and fruits/pods in both agroecosystems”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic matter digestibility varied substantially by species and plant form.
Verbatim
e0“PBY, CH4 emission, OMD, and ME of ILFTS revealed substantial variation ( P < .05) with species and among trees, shrubs, and fruits/pods in both agroecosystems”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Metabolizable energy varied substantially by species and plant form.
Verbatim
e0“PBY, CH4 emission, OMD, and ME of ILFTS revealed substantial variation ( P < .05) with species and among trees, shrubs, and fruits/pods in both agroecosystems”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Methane production correlated positively with gas volume and b.
- Taxon
- indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubst0
- Material
- indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubst0
- Outcome
- CH4 productione0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- gas volume and (b)e0
Not reportedTreatmentSetting
Verbatim
e0“CH4 production showed a positive significant correlation with gas volume and (b)”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Gas production measures at 6 and 24 hours correlated positively.
Verbatim
e0“there was a positive significant correlation between the 6 and 24 h incubation period”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
The fodder plants yielded considerable nutrient-rich biomass.
Verbatim
e0“ILFTS produce considerable biomass rich in nutrients”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbohydrate degradability differed with plant form, species and forage origin.
Verbatim
e0“vary in the degradability of CHO with plant nature, species, and forage origin”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro fermentation differed in gas production and methane emission.
Verbatim
e0“This elicits differences in gas production characteristics and CH4 emission with in vitro fermentation”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro fermentation differed in digestibility, metabolizable energy and short-chain fatty acids.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in differences in the corresponding OMD, ME, and SCFA values”
t0“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”