Abstract
Salinity stress is a major abiotic factor causing destructive impact on plant growth. Therefore, an approach is needed to alleviate the negative effect of salinity stress. Considering the distinct and advantageous effects of proline and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on plant growth, ZnO NPs were functionalized by proline (ZnOP NPs) under the concept of nanofertilizer and slow release of molecules. An in vitro study was performed to investigate the effect of nanocomposite on Coriandrum sativum (coriander) exposed to 50 mM NaCl stress. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed 14.73 nm and 20.59 nm size of ZnO NPs and ZnOP NPs, respectively with spherical to hexagonal structures. Vegetative parameters of plants like height and biomass were improved by the application of NPs. ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/L depicted 200% increase in shoot length while 157% increase in root length when applied with NaCl stress. Fresh weight of shoots and roots increased upto 387 mg and 127 mg, respectively at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs. Antioxidant and phytochemical activities that were increased due to salinity stress, decreased by ZnOP NPs. Radical scavenging activity reduced upto 55%, antioxidant potential upto 35%, and reducing power by 20% in shoots of plants as compared to NaCl stressed plants. A similar trend was also observed in roots. Likewise, phenolic content decreased by 30% in shoots and 43% in roots at 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPs and same for flavonoid contents. Application of ZnOP NPs to salt stressed plants also reduced the concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxide dismutase (POD). In conclusion, proline functionalized ZnO NPs were proved effective against salinity stress. This nanofertilizer can be promoted as a potential candidate for combating the negative effects of saline condition.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/L increased coriander shoot length by 200% under 50 mM NaCl stress.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativum
Coriandrum sativumt0 - Treatment
- ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/Le0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 200%e0
- Qualifier
- when applied with NaCl stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/L depicted 200% increase in shoot length while 157% increase in root length when applied with NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/L increased coriander root length by 157% under NaCl stress.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/Le0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 157%e0
- Qualifier
- when applied with NaCl stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“ZnOP NPs at 100 mg/L depicted 200% increase in shoot length while 157% increase in root length when applied with NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of nanoparticles improved coriander vegetative parameters, height and biomass.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- application of NPse0
- Outcome
- height and biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Vegetative parameters of plants like height and biomass were improved by the application of NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh weight of coriander shoots increased up to 387 mg at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/L ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- Fresh weight of shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 387 mge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Fresh weight of shoots and roots increased upto 387 mg and 127 mg, respectively at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh weight of coriander roots increased up to 127 mg at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/L ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- Fresh weight of shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 127 mge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Fresh weight of shoots and roots increased upto 387 mg and 127 mg, respectively at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP NPs decreased the antioxidant and phytochemical activities that had been raised by salinity stress.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant and phytochemical activitiese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- NaCl stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Antioxidant and phytochemical activities that were increased due to salinity stress, decreased by ZnOP NPs. Radical scavenging activity reduced upto 55%, antioxidant potential upto 35%, and reducing power by 20% in shoots of plants as compared to NaCl stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Radical scavenging activity in coriander shoots was reduced by up to 55% by ZnOP NPs compared with NaCl-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- Radical scavenging activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 55%e0
- Comparator
- NaCl stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Antioxidant and phytochemical activities that were increased due to salinity stress, decreased by ZnOP NPs. Radical scavenging activity reduced upto 55%, antioxidant potential upto 35%, and reducing power by 20% in shoots of plants as compared to NaCl stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant potential in coriander shoots was reduced by up to 35% by ZnOP NPs compared with NaCl-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant potentiale0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 35%e0
- Comparator
- NaCl stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Antioxidant and phytochemical activities that were increased due to salinity stress, decreased by ZnOP NPs. Radical scavenging activity reduced upto 55%, antioxidant potential upto 35%, and reducing power by 20% in shoots of plants as compared to NaCl stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing power in coriander shoots was reduced by 20% by ZnOP NPs compared with NaCl-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- reducing powere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- NaCl stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Antioxidant and phytochemical activities that were increased due to salinity stress, decreased by ZnOP NPs. Radical scavenging activity reduced upto 55%, antioxidant potential upto 35%, and reducing power by 20% in shoots of plants as compared to NaCl stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
A similar trend of reduced antioxidant activities with ZnOP NPs was observed in coriander roots.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- rootse0
- Outcome
- similar trende0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“A similar trend was also observed in roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic content in coriander shoots decreased by 30% at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- phenolic contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“phenolic content decreased by 30% in shoots and 43% in roots at 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPs and same for flavonoid contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic content in coriander roots decreased by 43% at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- phenolic contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 43%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“phenolic content decreased by 30% in shoots and 43% in roots at 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPs and same for flavonoid contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoid content in coriander also decreased at 100 mg/L ZnOP NPs.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- flavonoid contentse0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“phenolic content decreased by 30% in shoots and 43% in roots at 100 mg/L of ZnOP NPs and same for flavonoid contents”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP NPs applied to salt-stressed coriander reduced the concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxide dismutase (POD).
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Application of ZnOP NPse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxide dismutase (POD)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“Application of ZnOP NPs to salt stressed plants also reduced the concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxide dismutase (POD)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline-functionalized ZnO NPs were effective against salinity stress in coriander.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- proline functionalized ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- effective against salinity stresse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“proline functionalized ZnO NPs were proved effective against salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the ZnOP nanofertilizer as a potential candidate for combating the negative effects of saline conditions.
- Taxon
- Coriandrum sativumCoriandrum sativumt0
- Outcome
- can be promoted as a potential candidate for combating the negative effects of saline conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coriandrum sativum”
e0“This nanofertilizer can be promoted as a potential candidate for combating the negative effects of saline condition”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.