Abstract
Abstract Fatty acids (FAs) stored as triacylglycerols (TAGs) are an important source of carbon and energy for germination and seedling development, particularly for plants with small wind-dispersed seeds, allowing greater efficiency in storing both energy and carbon. These plants should be under strong selection to produce seeds rich in FAs and with large amounts of saturated FAs. Their closely packed single-chain configuration allows greater packing, more carbon and energy per unit mass, and are less costly to produce. Efficient carbon storage would be less crucial for zoochorous species, which can reach much larger seed sizes (mass). We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil. We tested if seed FA content covaried with seed mass and if anemochorous and zoochorous seeds differed in FA contents and distribution. Fatty acids were an important seed source of carbon and energy for most species. Fifteen different FAs were identified. Oleic, linoleic and linolenic tended to be the predominant unsaturated FAs. Oleic acid corresponded to more than 60 % of the total transesterified FAs in seeds of Kielmeyera coriacea, Qualea dichotoma and Triplaris americana. Linoleic acid corresponded to more than 50 % of total FA in Dalbergia miscolobium, Parkia platycephala and Ferdinandusa elliptica while linolenic acid was the dominant component in Inga cylindrica. Across species, palmitic and stearic were the dominant saturated FAs. The only exception was lauric acid (68 % of total FA) in seeds of Qualea grandiflora. On a log10 scale, as the seed increased in mass, accumulation of FAs tends to proceed at a faster rate in anemochorous species than in zoochorous species. They also became increasingly richer in saturated FAs. Zoochorous species had seed TAGs with higher proportion of polyunsaturated FAs.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fifteen different fatty acids were identified in seeds of the tree species.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e1“Fifteen different FAs were identified”
Claim · model-written summary
Fatty acids were an important seed source of carbon and energy for most tree species.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e2“Fatty acids were an important seed source of carbon and energy for most species”
Claim · model-written summary
Oleic, linoleic and linolenic tended to be the predominant unsaturated fatty acids across tree species.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e3“Oleic, linoleic and linolenic tended to be the predominant unsaturated FAs”
Claim · model-written summary
Oleic acid was more than 60% of total fatty acids in seeds of Kielmeyera coriacea, Qualea dichotoma and Triplaris americana.
Verbatim
e4“Oleic acid corresponded to more than 60 % of the total transesterified FAs in seeds of Kielmeyera coriacea, Qualea dichotoma and Triplaris americana”
Claim · model-written summary
Linoleic acid was more than 50% of total fatty acids in seeds of Dalbergia miscolobium, Parkia platycephala and Ferdinandusa elliptica.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia miscolobium, Parkia platycephala and Ferdinandusa elliptica
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Parkia platycephala
Dalbergia miscolobium.jpg?width=60)
Ferdinandusa ellipticae5 - Outcome
- Linoleic acide5
- Value
- more than 50 %e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e5“Linoleic acid corresponded to more than 50 % of total FA in Dalbergia miscolobium, Parkia platycephala and Ferdinandusa elliptica”
Claim · model-written summary
Linolenic acid was the dominant fatty acid component in seeds of Inga cylindrica.
- Taxon
- Inga cylindrica
Inga cylindricae6 - Outcome
- linolenic acide6
- Qualifier
- dominant componente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“linolenic acid was the dominant component in Inga cylindrica”
Claim · model-written summary
Palmitic and stearic acids were the dominant saturated fatty acids across tree species.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e7“Across species, palmitic and stearic were the dominant saturated FAs”
Claim · model-written summary
Lauric acid was 68% of total fatty acids in seeds of Qualea grandiflora.
- Taxon
- Qualea grandiflora
Qualea grandiflorae1 - Outcome
- lauric acide1
- Value
- 68 % of total FAe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lauric acid (68 % of total FA) in seeds of Qualea grandiflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Fatty acid accumulation proceeded at a faster rate in anemochorous than in zoochorous species as seed mass increased.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e2“On a log10 scale, as the seed increased in mass, accumulation of FAs tends to proceed at a faster rate in anemochorous species than in zoochorous species”
Claim · model-written summary
As seed mass increased, seeds became increasingly richer in saturated fatty acids.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e1“On a log10 scale, as the seed increased in mass, accumulation of FAs tends to proceed at a faster rate in anemochorous species than in zoochorous species”
e2“They also became increasingly richer in saturated FAs”
Claim · model-written summary
Zoochorous species had seed triacylglycerols with a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Verbatim
e0“We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil”
e1“Zoochorous species had seed TAGs with higher proportion of polyunsaturated FAs”