Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution of soil has become a gigantic issue across the globe. Metals enter the food chain and cause problems in plants, animals, and humans. We performed this work to evaluate the impacts of different cadmium (Cd) levels on growth, physiology, mineral nutrition, and yield attributes of Vigna radiata. Changes in growth fund are statistically significant and directly linked with an increase in Cd doses. Various concentrations of cadmium exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) vicissitudes in biochemical parameters such as in the contents of chlorophyll, amino acids, soluble proteins, and total soluble sugars in experimental plants. The shoot and root calcium contents were highly reduced by higher concentrations of Cd in the following trend Cd40 > Cd30 > Cd20 > Cd10 than the control. Likewise, shoot and root potassium (K+) contents were less influenced by Cd10 as compared to other levels of Cd. The elevation in these enzymatic contents was maximum under the higher concentration of Cd (Cd40), and with the decreasing Cd level, a decline in concentrations of these estimated antioxidants was recorded (Cd30 > Cd20 > Cd10 > Cd0). A significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in seed yield per plant and thousand seed weight was estimated with the increase in the concentration of Cd as compared to the control. The seed yield and their weights were less influenced in Cd10 treated plants followed by Cd20 and then Cd30. On the basis of the reported findings, our recommendation is to conduct research with an explicit focus on the mechanistic elucidation of damages caused by Cd. Additionally, target enzymes or metabolites in plants should be explored for use in the development of HM-tolerant crop varieties.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Mung bean growth changed significantly with increasing cadmium dose.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiata
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatae1 - Treatment
- Cd dosese0
- Outcome
- growthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Changes in growth fund are statistically significant and directly linked with an increase in Cd doses”
e1“growth, physiology, mineral nutrition, and yield attributes of Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium concentrations significantly changed chlorophyll and amino acid contents.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- Various concentrations of cadmiume0
- Outcome
- contents of chlorophyll, amino acidse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Various concentrations of cadmium exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) vicissitudes in biochemical parameters such as in the contents of chlorophyll, amino acids, soluble proteins, and total soluble sugars in experimental plants”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium concentrations significantly changed soluble protein and total soluble sugar contents.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- Various concentrations of cadmiume0
- Outcome
- soluble proteins, and total soluble sugarse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Various concentrations of cadmium exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) vicissitudes in biochemical parameters such as in the contents of chlorophyll, amino acids, soluble proteins, and total soluble sugars in experimental plants”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cadmium concentrations strongly reduced shoot and root calcium contents relative to control.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- higher concentrations of Cde0
- Outcome
- shoot and root calcium contentse0
- Direction
- highly reducede0
- Qualifier
- Cd40 > Cd30 > Cd20 > Cd10e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shoot and root calcium contents were highly reduced by higher concentrations of Cd in the following trend Cd40 > Cd30 > Cd20 > Cd10 than the control”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and root potassium contents were less affected by Cd10 than other doses.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- Cd10e0
- Outcome
- shoot and root potassium (K+) contentse0
- Comparator
- other levels of Cde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot and root potassium (K+) contents were less influenced by Cd10 as compared to other levels of Cd”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant enzyme contents were highest at Cd40 and fell as cadmium doses declined.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- Cd (Cd40)e0
- Outcome
- these enzymatic contentse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- Cd30 > Cd20 > Cd10 > Cd0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevation in these enzymatic contents was maximum under the higher concentration of Cd (Cd40), and with the decreasing Cd level, a decline in concentrations of these estimated antioxidants was recorded (Cd30 > Cd20 > Cd10 > Cd0)”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing cadmium significantly reduced seed yield per plant versus control.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- increase in the concentration of Cde0
- Outcome
- seed yield per plante0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in seed yield per plant and thousand seed weight was estimated with the increase in the concentration of Cd as compared to the control”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing cadmium significantly reduced thousand seed weight versus control.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- increase in the concentration of Cde0
- Outcome
- thousand seed weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in seed yield per plant and thousand seed weight was estimated with the increase in the concentration of Cd as compared to the control”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield and weight were least affected at Cd10, followed by Cd20 and Cd30.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- Cd10e0
- Outcome
- seed yield and their weightse0
- Direction
- less influencede0
- Qualifier
- followed by Cd20 and then Cd30e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seed yield and their weights were less influenced in Cd10 treated plants followed by Cd20 and then Cd30”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend mechanistic study of cadmium damage in plants.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Outcome
- research with an explicit focus on the mechanistic elucidation of damages caused by Cde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“our recommendation is to conduct research with an explicit focus on the mechanistic elucidation of damages caused by Cd”
e1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend exploring enzymes and metabolites to develop heavy-metal-tolerant crop varieties.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Outcome
- development of HM-tolerant crop varietiese0
- Qualifier
- target enzymes or metabolites in plants should be explorede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“target enzymes or metabolites in plants should be explored for use in the development of HM-tolerant crop varieties”
e1“Vigna radiata”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
cadmium atom · nutrient: content · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.