Abstract
Cadaverine (Cad), which has an independent synthesis pathway compared to other polyamine (PA) types, contributes to the health of plants by regulating plant growth and development, abiotic stress tolerance and antioxidant defense mechanisms. In this work, experiments were carried out to understand the effects of exogenous Cad (10 µM) application under drought stress (%22 PEG 6000) and without stress on cell cycle, total protein content, endogenous PA levels, and biochemical enzyme activities in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Burakbey) considering the potential of Cad to stimulate the drought-related tolerance system. Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control). The results clearly show that Cad applied against the negative effects of drought stress on all parameters creates a drought resistance mechanism of the plant. Accordingly, Cad applied together with drought stress increased the density of cells in the cell cycle (G1-S and S-G2 phases) and the amount of endogenous (spermidine 10% and spermine 40%) PAs. In addition, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%). As a result, exogenous application of 10 µM Cad showed that it reduced the negative effects of drought stress on endogenous PA amounts, cell division and biochemical activities in barley.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine without drought changed all examined parameters relative to the water control.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Cad applicatione0
- Outcome
- changes in all parameters examinede0
- Comparator
- samples grown in distilled water environment (Control)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control).”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought increased cell density in G1-S and S-G2 cell cycle phases.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cad applied together with drought stresse0
- Outcome
- density of cells in the cell cycle (G1-S and S-G2 phases)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cad applied together with drought stress increased the density of cells in the cell cycle (G1-S and S-G2 phases) and the amount of endogenous (spermidine 10% and spermine 40%) PAs.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought increased endogenous spermidine by 10%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cad applied together with drought stresse0
- Outcome
- spermidinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cad applied together with drought stress increased the density of cells in the cell cycle (G1-S and S-G2 phases) and the amount of endogenous (spermidine 10% and spermine 40%) PAs.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought increased endogenous spermine by 40%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cad applied together with drought stresse0
- Outcome
- sperminee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cad applied together with drought stress increased the density of cells in the cell cycle (G1-S and S-G2 phases) and the amount of endogenous (spermidine 10% and spermine 40%) PAs.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme levels by 5%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cade1
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%).”
t0“barley”
e1“Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control).”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought increased (CAT) enzyme levels by 55%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%).”
t0“barley”
e1“Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control).”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme levels by 18%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cade1
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%).”
t0“barley”
e1“Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control).”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought decreased total protein content by 20%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cade1
- Outcome
- total protein contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 20%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%).”
t0“barley”
e1“Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control).”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadaverine with drought decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) by 80%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Cade1
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%).”
t0“barley”
e1“Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control).”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: metabolites · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.