Abstract
The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of three essential oils derived from neem, citrus, and garlic against papaya mealybug. Papaya seedlings were transplanted in the field in a completely randomized block design with eight treatments with four replications. The treatments included neem, citrus, and garlic oils in combination with isopropyl alcohol or paraffin oil as an adjuvant. Results from this study showed that neem oil at 1.5% + 0.2% isopropyl alcohol was effective against papaya mealybug by 93.0% equivalent to the positive control (imidacloprid) (99.4%), followed by citrus oil at 1.5% + isopropyl alcohol (76.3%) and citrus oil at 1.5% + paraffin oil (68.8%), compared with the untreated 0.01%. Similarly, application of the plant-derived essential oils and adjuvants resulted in positive effects on plant parameters (plant height, number of leaves, flower buds, number of fruits, and fruit weight) and, hence, increased papaya yield from an average of 38 to 90 fruits/plant at first harvest. The finding from this study provides an understanding of papaya farmers towards the use of natural plant products, particularly plant-derived essential oils, and their benefits, which may encourage farmers to increase papaya production and minimize the usage of synthetic pesticides to avoid pest resistance.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil with isopropyl alcohol controlled papaya mealybug by 93.0%, near the 99.4% imidacloprid control.
- Taxon
- Papaya
_-_DPLA_-_55200ec009622d7d42349f3583df310e.jpg?width=60)
Carica papayat0 - Treatment
- neem oil at 1.5% + 0.2% isopropyl alcohole0
- Interactor
- papaya mealybuge0pest
- Outcome
- papaya mealybuge0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Value
- 93.0%e0
- Qualifier
- 99.4%e0
- Comparator
- imidaclopride0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_DPLA_-_55200ec009622d7d42349f3583df310e.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“neem oil at 1.5% + 0.2% isopropyl alcohol was effective against papaya mealybug by 93.0% equivalent to the positive control (imidacloprid) (99.4%)”
t0“Papaya”
Claim · model-written summary
Citrus oil with isopropyl alcohol controlled papaya mealybug by 76.3%.
- Taxon
- PapayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- citrus oil at 1.5% + isopropyl alcohole0
- Interactor
- Papaya Mealybugt0pest
- Outcome
- Papaya Mealybugt0
- Value
- 76.3%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“citrus oil at 1.5% + isopropyl alcohol (76.3%)”
t0“Papaya Mealybug”
Claim · model-written summary
Citrus oil with paraffin oil controlled papaya mealybug by 68.8%.
- Taxon
- PapayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- citrus oil at 1.5% + paraffin oile0
- Interactor
- Papaya Mealybugt0pest
- Outcome
- Papaya Mealybugt0
- Value
- 68.8%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“citrus oil at 1.5% + paraffin oil (68.8%)”
t0“Papaya Mealybug”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils and adjuvants improved papaya height, leaf number and flower bud number.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- plant-derived essential oils and adjuvantse0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves, flower budse0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the plant-derived essential oils and adjuvants resulted in positive effects on plant parameters (plant height, number of leaves, flower buds”
t0“Papaya”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils and adjuvants improved papaya fruit number and fruit weight.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayae0
- Outcome
- number of fruits, and fruit weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of fruits, and fruit weight) and, hence, increased papaya yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils and adjuvants increased papaya first-harvest yield from 38 to 90 fruits per plant.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayae0
- Outcome
- papaya yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 90 fruits/plante0
- Qualifier
- 38e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased papaya yield from an average of 38 to 90 fruits/plant at first harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest plant-derived oils could increase papaya production and reduce synthetic pesticide use.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayae0
- Outcome
- increase papaya production and minimize the usage of synthetic pesticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“may encourage farmers to increase papaya production and minimize the usage of synthetic pesticides to avoid pest resistance”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Carica papaya (papaya)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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See all 13 papers →botanical · organism · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.