Abstract
"Aqueous extracts of leaves and stems of Achras sapota, Annona reticulata, Bromelia hemisphaerica, Carica papaya, Citrus limon, Chrysophylum cainito, Dyospiros ebenaster, Mangifera indica, Persea americana, Pouteria sapota, Spondias purpurea, and Tamarindus indicus from the state of Morelos, Mexico were tested for their antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Papaya and mango fruit were dipped in extracts, inoculated with C. gloeosporioides, and stored for seven days at room temperature to evaluate percentage infection and severity, solid solubles concentration (SSC), and fruit mass loss. Differences were found between the inhibitory effects in vitro and in vivo. Leaf extracts from C. limon and P. americana totally inhibited growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro. Leaf extracts of C. papaya completely inhibited postharvest rots of papaya, while leaf and stem extracts of D. ebenaster had an adequate fungicidal effect when applied to mango. Infection severity of papaya ranged from 0 to 50% of the fruit surface, while in mango only 25% of the surface was affected. Overall, infection severity was reduced for both papaya and mango when dipped in extracts. SSC and fruit mass loss varied among plant extracts; however, extracts did not affect fruit quality during storage. "
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extracts of C. limon totally inhibited growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro.
- Taxon
- C. limon
Citrus ×limone1 - Treatment
- Leaf extractse1
- Interactor
- C. gloeosporioides
Colletotrichum gloeosporioidese1pathogen - Outcome
- growth of C. gloeosporioidese1
- Direction
- totally inhibitede1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Leaf extracts from C. limon and P. americana totally inhibited growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extracts of P. americana totally inhibited growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro.
- Taxon
- P. americana
Persea americanae1 - Treatment
- Leaf extractse1
- Interactor
- C. gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioidese1pathogen
- Outcome
- growth of C. gloeosporioidese1
- Direction
- totally inhibitede1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Leaf extracts from C. limon and P. americana totally inhibited growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extracts of C. papaya completely inhibited postharvest rots of papaya.
- Taxon
- papaya
_-_DPLA_-_55200ec009622d7d42349f3583df310e.jpg?width=60)
Carica papayae2 - Treatment
- Leaf extracts of C. papayae2
- Outcome
- postharvest rots of papayae2
- Direction
- completely inhibitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_DPLA_-_55200ec009622d7d42349f3583df310e.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“Leaf extracts of C. papaya completely inhibited postharvest rots of papaya”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf and stem extracts of D. ebenaster had an adequate fungicidal effect on mango.
- Taxon
- mango
_from_India.jpg?width=60)
Mangifera indicae3 - Treatment
- leaf and stem extracts of D. ebenastere3
- Outcome
- fungicidal effecte3
- Direction
- adequatee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e3“while leaf and stem extracts of D. ebenaster had an adequate fungicidal effect when applied to mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection severity on papaya fruit ranged from 0 to 50% of the fruit surface.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayae4
- Outcome
- Infection severitye4
- Value
- 0 to 50%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Infection severity of papaya ranged from 0 to 50% of the fruit surface, while in mango only 25% of the surface was affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection severity on mango fruit was only 25% of the surface.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae4
- Outcome
- Infection severitye4
- Value
- 25%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Infection severity of papaya ranged from 0 to 50% of the fruit surface, while in mango only 25% of the surface was affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Dipping papaya fruit in extracts reduced infection severity.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayae5
- Treatment
- dipped in extractse5
- Outcome
- infection severitye5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Overall, infection severity was reduced for both papaya and mango when dipped in extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Dipping mango fruit in extracts reduced infection severity.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae5
- Treatment
- dipped in extractse5
- Outcome
- infection severitye5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Overall, infection severity was reduced for both papaya and mango when dipped in extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant extracts did not affect fruit quality during storage of papaya and mango.
- Taxon
- papaya and mangoCarica papayaMangifera indicae5
- Treatment
- plant extractse6
- Outcome
- fruit qualitye6
- Direction
- did not affecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Overall, infection severity was reduced for both papaya and mango when dipped in extracts”
e6“SSC and fruit mass loss varied among plant extracts; however, extracts did not affect fruit quality during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
SSC and fruit mass loss varied among plant extracts on papaya and mango.
- Taxon
- papaya and mangoCarica papayaMangifera indicae5
- Outcome
- SSC and fruit mass losse6
- Direction
- variede6
- Qualifier
- among plant extractse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Overall, infection severity was reduced for both papaya and mango when dipped in extracts”
e6“SSC and fruit mass loss varied among plant extracts; however, extracts did not affect fruit quality during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences were found between the inhibitory effects of extracts in vitro and in vivo on papaya and mango.
- Taxon
- Papaya and MangoCarica papayaMangifera indicat0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effects in vitro and in vivoe7
- Qualifier
- Differences were found betweene7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of Papaya and Mango Fruit”
e7“Differences were found between the inhibitory effects in vitro and in vivo”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.