Abstract
Spodoptera litura is a polyphagous pest and attack many families of cultivated plants, such as chili plants. Application of synthetic pesticides is still the mainstay for controlling this pest in the field. To support eco-friendly plant protection management, it is important to explore potential natural materials such as garlic extract. This research aims to determine the potential of garlic extract in controlling S. litura on chili plants, and to see its indirect effect on chili yield. The research was carried out in two sites, in the laboratory and the field. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The concentrations of garlic extract, i.e., control (0%), 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, and 32%. The results showed the application of garlic extract had a significant effect on the mortality of S. litura, the frequency of attacks, and the intensity of pest attacks in the field, and had an effect on the variable number of fruit and fruit weight of chili plants. The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory, and 28.30% and 34.3%% in the field, respectively. The LT50 and LT90 values from the 32% garlic extract in the laboratory were respectively 3.37 and 7.23 days. The application of garlic extraction affected growth and yield, i.e. healthy leaves, number of fruits, and weight of fruits in chili. The garlic extract is potentially used as an organic pesticide to suppress the S.litura attacks while keeping the plant's growth and yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic extract significantly affected S. litura mortality.
- Taxon
- chilit0
- Treatment
- garlic extracte0
- Interactor
- S. litura
Spodoptera liturae0pest - Outcome
- mortality of S. liturae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of garlic extract had a significant effect on the mortality of S. litura”
t0“Chili”
t1“Chili”
e1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic extract significantly affected pest attack frequency and intensity in the field.
- Taxon
- chilit0
- Treatment
- garlic extracte1
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturae1pestt0
- Outcome
- frequency of attacks, and the intensity of pest attackse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the frequency of attacks, and the intensity of pest attacks in the field”
t0“Chili”
t1“Chili”
e1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic extract affected chili fruit number and fruit weight.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“had an effect on the variable number of fruit and fruit weight of chili plants”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
Laboratory LC50 was 19.66%.
- Taxon
- Chilit0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat0pest
- Outcome
- LC50e0
- Value
- 19.66%e0
- Setting
- laboratorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
Laboratory LC90 was 29.97%.
- Taxon
- Chilit0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat0pest
- Outcome
- LC90e0
- Value
- 29.97%e0
- Setting
- laboratorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
Field LC50 was 28.30%.
- Taxon
- Chilit0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat0pest
- Outcome
- LC50e1
- Value
- 28.30%e0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“28.30% and 34.3%% in the field”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
Field LC90 was 34.3%%.
- Taxon
- Chilit0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat0pest
- Outcome
- LC90e1
- Value
- 34.3%%e0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“28.30% and 34.3%% in the field”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
At 32% garlic extract, laboratory LT50 was 3.37 days.
- Taxon
- Chilit0
- Treatment
- 32% garlic extracte0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat0pest
- Outcome
- LT50e0
- Value
- 3.37e0
- Setting
- laboratorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LT50 and LT90 values from the 32% garlic extract in the laboratory were respectively 3.37 and 7.23 days”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
At 32% garlic extract, laboratory LT90 was 7.23 days.
- Taxon
- Chilit0
- Treatment
- 32% garlic extracte0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat0pest
- Outcome
- LT90e0
- Value
- 7.23 dayse0
- Setting
- laboratorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LT50 and LT90 values from the 32% garlic extract in the laboratory were respectively 3.37 and 7.23 days”
t0“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
t1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
e1“The LC50 and LC90 values reached 19.66% and 29.97% in the laboratory”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic extract affected healthy leaves, fruit number and fruit weight in chili.
- Taxon
- chilie0
- Treatment
- garlic extractione0
- Outcome
- healthy leaves, number of fruits, and weight of fruitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The application of garlic extraction affected growth and yield, i.e. healthy leaves, number of fruits, and weight of fruits in chili”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider garlic extract a potential organic pesticide for S. litura control while maintaining chili growth and yield.
- Taxon
- chilit0
- Interactor
- S.lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
- Outcome
- organic pesticide to suppress the S.litura attacks while keeping the plant's growth and yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The garlic extract is potentially used as an organic pesticide to suppress the S.litura attacks while keeping the plant's growth and yield”
t0“Chili”
t1“Chili”
e1“The effectiveness of garlic extract against Spodoptera litura on Chili”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Spodoptera litura · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.