Abstract
Abstract Cover crop residue retention on the soil surface can suppress weeds and improve organic no-till soybean ( Glycine max ) yield and profitability compared to a tilled system. Appropriate cereal rye ( Secale cereale ) fall planting date and termination methods in the spring are critical to achieve these benefits. A plot-scale agronomic experiment was carried out from September 2018 to October 2021 in Kutztown, PA, USA to demonstrate the influence of cereal rye planting date (September or October) and mechanical termination method [no-till (I & J roller-crimper, Dawn ZRX roller, and mow-ted) and tilled (plow-cultivate)] on cover crop regrowth density, weed biomass, soybean yield, and economic returns. In one out of three years, the September rye planting accumulated more cover crop biomass than the October planting, but the regrowth of the rye after roller-crimping was greater with this planting date. Cover crop planting date had no effect on total weed biomass and demonstrated varying effects on soybean grain yield and economic returns. The Dawn ZRX roller outperformed the I & J roller-crimper in effectively terminating cover crops, while the I & J roller-crimper demonstrated more uniform weed suppression and led to greater soybean yields over a span of three years. Organic no-till strategies eliminated the need for tillage and reduced variable costs by 14% over plow-cultivated plots, and generated ~19% greater net revenue across the study period (no-till vs tillage = US $845 vs US $711 ha −1 ). Terminating cereal rye with roller-crimping technology can be a positive investment in an organic soybean production system.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
In one of three years, September-planted cereal rye accumulated more cover crop biomass than October-planted rye.
- Taxon
- rye
Secale cerealee0 - Treatment
- September rye plantinge0
- Outcome
- cover crop biomasse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- In one out of three yearse0
- Comparator
- October plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In one out of three years, the September rye planting accumulated more cover crop biomass than the October planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Regrowth of the rye after roller-crimping was greater with the September planting date.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee0
- Treatment
- this planting datee0
- Outcome
- regrowth of the ryee0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the regrowth of the rye after roller-crimping was greater with this planting date”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop planting date had no effect on total weed biomass.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cover crop planting date had no effect on total weed biomass and demonstrated varying effects on soybean grain yield and economic returns”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop planting date had varying effects on soybean grain yield and economic returns.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Cover crop planting datee0
- Outcome
- soybean grain yield and economic returnse0
- Direction
- varying effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cover crop planting date had no effect on total weed biomass and demonstrated varying effects on soybean grain yield and economic returns”
Claim · model-written summary
The Dawn ZRX roller outperformed the I & J roller-crimper in effectively terminating cover crops.
Verbatim
e0“The Dawn ZRX roller outperformed the I & J roller-crimper in effectively terminating cover crops”
Claim · model-written summary
The I & J roller-crimper gave more uniform weed suppression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- I & J roller-crimpere0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- uniform weed suppressione0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the I & J roller-crimper demonstrated more uniform weed suppression and led to greater soybean yields over a span of three years”
Claim · model-written summary
The I & J roller-crimper led to greater soybean yields over three years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- I & J roller-crimpere0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- over a span of three yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the I & J roller-crimper demonstrated more uniform weed suppression and led to greater soybean yields over a span of three years”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic no-till strategies reduced variable costs by 14% compared with plow-cultivated plots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Organic no-till strategiese0
- Outcome
- variable costse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 14%e0
- Comparator
- plow-cultivated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Organic no-till strategies eliminated the need for tillage and reduced variable costs by 14% over plow-cultivated plots”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till generated about 19% greater net revenue than tillage across the study period (US $845 vs US $711 per ha).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- no-tille0
- Outcome
- net revenuee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- ~19%e0
- Qualifier
- US $845 vs US $711e0
- Comparator
- tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“generated ~19% greater net revenue across the study period (no-till vs tillage = US $845 vs US $711”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that terminating cereal rye with roller-crimping can be a positive investment in organic soybean production.
Verbatim
e0“Terminating cereal rye with roller-crimping technology can be a positive investment in an organic soybean production system”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
263 papers in the same direction as this paper · 100 in the opposite direction · 26 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
386 papers more in this group
See all 390 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.